Cycling of Matter/Energy and Earth's interior

Question 1

water cycle _____________________

Answer 1

the continual movement of water between land, ocean, and air through predictable physical processes.

Question 2

___________ is the energy that travels as electromagnetic waves
- these waves carry thermal energy in the form of _____________ like the way ocean waves carry energy through water
- solar radiation consists of ______________ waves

Answer 2

radiation, transverse waves, short wavelength waves

Question 3

Each phase in the water cycle is due to ______________.

When water vapor condenses into liquid water it forms _________

When the concentration of water droplets or ice in clouds is high enough, water falls from the atmosphere as ______________

——– recharges oceans, lakes, and rivers, it also infiltrates the ground

Answer 3

energy being added to taken away, clouds, precipitation

Question 4

___________ describes how rocks change over time.

Igneous ____________

Rocks on the surface are broken down by ____________________ which produces __________

Sedimentary _____________

metamorphic _____________

Answer 4

rock cycle, rocks that are formed from magma cools underneath the surface and lava cooling above the surface, chemical and physical weathering, sediment, compressed sediment, rocks under extreme pressure and temperature

Question 5

__________ the rocks of earth’s crust that make up the base of the continents, less dense

__________ the portion of earth’s crust that makes up the ocean floor and is generally denser and thinner

Answer 5

continental, oceanic

Question 6

_________ the part of earth which is composed mostly of rocks; solid; the crust and outer mantle

___________ layer of soft honey like mobile rock found below the ———; the lower part of the upper mantle

__________ the layer of solid rock between earth’s crust and core

_________ the liquid portion of earth’s core that is composed of iron and nickel

__________ the solid portion of earth’s core composed of alloy and iron. It is solid due to the ___________

Answer 6

lithosphere, asthenosphere, mantle, outercore, inner core, pressure

Question 7

P waves - primary waves
- cause the ground to _________ and _________
- moves ______________
- first waves to arrive
- can travel through _______________

Answer 7

compress, expand, back and forth, solids, liquids, gasses

Question 8

S waves - secondary
- shake the ground in a __________ motion
- perpendicular to the direction of travel
- moves ground _____________ or __________
- arrives AFTER P
- ONLY travels through __________

Answer 8

crosswise, up and down, side to side, solid

Question 9

Shadow zones are _______________

Answer 9

areas where p and s waves do not reach

Question 10

How are shadow zones formed?

Answer 10

The shadow zone results from S waves being stopped entirely by the liquid core and P waves being bent/ refracted by the liquid core.

Question 11

When seismic waves reach the top of the outer core ______________ slow down while __________ disappear.

Once waves reach the inner core P waves __________ and S waves ___________.

Answer 11

P waves, S waves, speed up, reappear

Question 12

Mesosphere - made of __________
- rocks are hotter but more rigid
- seismic waves speed up
-

Answer 12

iron and mag