Cycles in Nature

Question 1

Define atmosphere

Answer 1

The gases surrounding a planet or moon, held by gravity 

Question 2

define biodiversity

Answer 2

the variety of life on earth, or in a particular region

Question 3

Define biosphere

Answer 3

The collection of organisms in all their diversity 

Question 4

Define the carbon cycle

Answer 4

The movement of carbon within, and between all four earth systems 

Question 5

Define carbon dioxide

Answer 5

Carbon dioxide is a colorless, odorless gas found in our atmosphere. The primary greenhouse gases emitted by human activities
Produced mainly by respiration volcanoes, forest fires and the burning of fossil fuels

Question 6

Define condensation

Answer 6

A change in state from gas to liquid 

Question 7

Define ecosystem

Answer 7

A community of interacting organisms and their environment 

Question 8

define evaporation

Answer 8

A change of state from liquid to gas 

Question 9

define geosphere

Answer 9

a planets, rocks, metal soils, and sediments
includes abiotic parts of soils and skeletons that may be fossilised

Question 10

define glucose

Answer 10

A simple sugar made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen 

Question 11

define hydrosphere

Answer 11

All forms of Water on earth

Question 12

Define photosynthesis

Answer 12

A reaction that transforms light energy into chemical energy
Occurs in plants, algae, and some bacteria 

Question 13

define the water cycle

Answer 13

The continuous movement of water on earth

Question 14

define exosphere

Answer 14

The highest and thinnest layer of the atmosphere

Question 15

Define Thermo sphere

Answer 15

The hottest layer in the atmosphere

Question 16

define mesosphere

Answer 16

The coldest layer, where meteors disintegrate

Question 17

Define stratosphere

Answer 17

ozone layer found here

Question 18

define troposphere

Answer 18

The lowest layer of the atmosphere, where the weather is 

Question 19

define transpiration

Answer 19

The evaporation of water from plants leaves, stems and flowers

Question 20

Define precipitation

Answer 20

Rain, which falls from clouds due to gravitational pull

Question 21

Define percolation

Answer 21

The movement of water through the soil itself 

Question 22

Define cellular respiration

Answer 22

The process which organisms combine oxygen with food molecules to create ATP which is used for energy

Question 23

why are plants green?

Answer 23

Plants are green because of the chemical chlorophyll, which uses energy from the sun to split H2O molecules and combine them with carbon dioxide to make glucose and a byproduct of oxygen 

Question 24

what does fermentation do

Answer 24

Fermentation creates methane, which is a greenhouse gas

Question 25

what does decomposition do?

Answer 25

Decomposition is done by bacteria and creates alcohol

Question 26

what are chloroplasts?

Answer 26

chloroplasts are a plant cell organelle that converts light energy into chemical energy 

Question 27

define agricultural run-off

Answer 27

The water from farms due to irrigation rain or melted, snow flows over the Earth, which can be absorbed into the ground into bodies of water or evaporate 

Question 28

What is the role of fungi in the carbon cycle?

Answer 28

The role of fungi is to ferment and decompose things

Question 29

what are some ways humans are involved in the carbon cycle

Answer 29

-breathing
-farming
-burning fossil fuels
-cutting down trees
-decomposition
-excavation

Question 30

what are some ways humans are involved in the water cycle?

Answer 30

-Making dams
-Changing the flow of rivers
-Agricultural run-off
-Drinking
-Farming

Question 31

what is nitrogen in?

Answer 31

-DNA
-Proteins (amino acids)
These are both essential for life

Question 32

what is phosphorus in

Answer 32

DNA

Question 33

what is phosphorus in

Answer 33

DNA