cycles (carbon, water, nitrogen)

Question 1

what are the three main elements that must move through an ecosystem

Answer 1

water, carbon, nitrogen

Question 2

what percentage of cells is water

Answer 2

70-90%

Question 3

what is evaporation

Answer 3

water lost in air from the ground, rivers, lakes, oceans, etc.

Question 4

what is condensation

Answer 4

water vapour condenses into clouds

Question 5

what is precipitation

Answer 5

water returns to earth as rain, snow sleet, etc.

Question 6

what is surface runoff

Answer 6

water moves through the ground as groundwater and over the ground as lake, rivers, etc.

Question 7

what is transpiration

Answer 7

evaporation of water from leaves

Question 8

what are the steps in a water cycle (in order)

Answer 8

evaporation
condensation
precipitation
surface runoff
transpiration

Question 9

3 examples of precipitation

Answer 9

rain, snow, sleet or hail.

Question 10

the human body is composed of how much water

Answer 10

70%

Question 11

water participates in many important biochemical reaction, including

Answer 11

• photosynthesis
• digestion
• cellular respiration

Question 12

another name for water cycle

Answer 12

hydrologic cycle

Question 13

what does the amount of precipitation received by an area determine

Answer 13

• what plants will grow
• the type of animals that will inhabit a region

Question 14

what is the saturated zone of rock and soil called

Answer 14

aquifer

Question 15

what are examples of runoffs

Answer 15

-rivers
- melting snowfield
- glaciers

Question 16

what cause water evaporation from the ocean

Answer 16

solar radiation

Question 17

what does water remain in the atmosphere as

Answer 17

clouds, ice crystals, water vapour.

Question 18

how does carbon enter the biotic world

Answer 18

the action of autotrophs ( plants and algae throughout the process of photosynthesis

Question 19

how does carbon return to the atmosphere and water

Answer 19

• respiration (as C02)
• burning
• decay (decomposing plants and animals)

Question 20

what nutrients are used by organism in large quantities

Answer 20

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus

Question 21

which nutrients are used by organisms in tracs amounts

Answer 21

iodine, iron, zinc and some others

Question 22

what is biogeochemical cycle

Answer 22

macronutrients and micronutrients are recycled back and forth between living things and nonliving components of an ecosystem.

Question 23

what is earths major reservoir of carbon

Answer 23

the atmosphere

Question 24

which organic compounds do plants fix carbon into

Answer 24

glucose, starch, cellulose and other carbohydrates

Question 25

how does carbon pass to a primary consumer

Answer 25

plants get eaten

Question 26

how does carbon pass to a secondary consumer

Answer 26

the primary consumer gets eaten

Question 27

what process release carbon (as C02) back into the atmosphere

Answer 27

respiration

Question 28

what process returns carbon to the soil when organism die

Answer 28

the process of decay

Question 29

what process release the carbon in fossil fuel back into the atmosphere

Answer 29

combustion

Question 30

air is made up of how much nitrogen

Answer 30

78%

Question 31

what do they convert nitrogen gas in the soil into

Answer 31

ammonia

Question 32

what do plants use nitrates for

Answer 32

proteins

Question 33

what is denitrification

Answer 33

decomposers break down dead organism and release nitrogen from nitrates into the air

Question 34

why is nitrogen essential to life

Answer 34

it is the key component of amino acids (in proteins), nucleic acids in Dan and atp

Question 35

can plants and animals obtain nitrogen directly from the atmosphere

Answer 35

no

Question 36

what process do plants and animals rely on to obtain nitrogen

Answer 36

the process of nitrogen fixation

Question 37

what plants play a role in nitrogen fixation

Answer 37

legumes (clover, peas, soy beans) and their symbiotic bacteria

Question 38

what bacteria fix nitrogen in aquatic ecosystems

Answer 38

Cyanobacteria

Question 39

which process converts ammonia into nitrate

Answer 39

nitrification

Question 40

which process converts soil nitrates back into nitrogen gas

Answer 40

denitrification

Question 41

what is the equation for photosynthesis

Answer 41

6c02 + 6h20 = c6h1206 + 602

Question 42

what is the equation for cellular resperation

Answer 42

energy + 602 + c6h1206 + 6h20 + 6c02