Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry Cycle 2 > Cycle1 Unittest > Flashcards

Cycle1 Unittest Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the atomic number?

A

The atomic number is the number of protons (and electrons) in the nucleus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Electronegativity?

A

Electronegativity is the atom’s ability to attract shared electrons to itself. Electronegativity usually increases on the table as you go left -> right and decreases as you go down a group.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is an ionic bond?

A

An ionic bond is a bond between a metal and a nonmetal. (A chemical bond formed when one atom gives up 1+ electrons to another atom) These atoms have opposing charges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the term Diatomic mean?

A

Diatomic means “(molecules) consisting of 2 atoms”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the Empirical Formula?

A

It tells us the relative ratios of different atoms in a compound. It’s the smallest ratio-form of a molecule. H2O2 = HO and C6H12O6 = CH2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a base?

A

A base is a substance that can neutralize the acid by reacting with hydrogen ions. Bases usually end with OH-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition?

A

Bronsted-Lowry states that any compound that can transfer a proton to any other compound is an acid, and the compound that accepts the proton is the base.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a conjugate base?

A

It is the substance formed by the removal of a proton from an acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does saturated mean?

A

A saturated solution has the most amount of solute that the solvent can have dissolved in it at a given temperature, also know as solubility.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the Mass Number?

A

The mass number of an element is the total amount of neutrons and protons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a Period on the Periodic Table?

A

A period is the horizontal rows on the table

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is an Ion?

A

An ion is any group of atoms that bears one or more positive or negative electrical charges. pos. charged ion = cation, neg. charged ion = anion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a covalent bond?

A

A (molecular)covalent bond is a bond between 2 nonmetals. It is from atoms that SHARE electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the molecular formula?

A

The molecular formula is the chemical formula that gives the total number of atoms of each element present in a molecule. It’s like the empirical formula, but the exact ratios, not minimized to lowest ratio.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is Dissociation?

A

Dissociation is when molecules split into other things such as ions, atoms, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the Arrhenius theory?

A

The Arrhenius theory defines an acid/base based on its dissociation in water; a base that dissociates in water will yield a OH- ion, an acid that dissociates in water yields an H+ ion.

17
Q

What is a conjugate acid?

A

A conjugate acid is an acid that contains one or more H atom and one more (+) charge than the base that formed it.( when a proton is added to a base)

18
Q

What is a group?

A

A group is a column on the periodic table, vertically

19
Q

What is the atomic radius?

A

The atomic radius is the size of an atom with its valence shells. As you go up in valence electrons, the size gradually increases, with each new ring ( and low valence electrons ), the size goes up some more from valence electrons attraction to the nucleus

20
Q

What is a valence shell?

A

A valence shell is the outermost ring of an atom

21
Q

What is a polyatomic ion?

A

A polyatomic ion is a covalent bonded set of two or more atoms (or metal complex), that can be considered to behave as a single unit and has a net charge that is NOT zero

22
Q

What is percent composition?

A

Percent composition is the mass by what percent is each element of in a compound (by mass)

23
Q

What is an aqueous solution?

A

An aqueous solution is a solution where the solvent is water

24
Q

What is pH?

A

pH is the power of hydrogen. It defines an acid and travels on a logarithmic scale.

25
Q

What is solubility?

A

Solubility is the max amount that a solute can dissolve in a solvent at a given temperature

26
Q

What is electron affinity?

A

Electron affinity is the measure of attraction (the ability to) between the incoming electron and the nucleus

27
Q

What is ionic radius?

A

Ionic radius is the distance between the nucleus of an ion and the outermost shell of that ion

28
Q

What are valence electrons?

A

Valence electrons are electrons that are on the outermost shell of an atom

29
Q

What is a strong acid/base

A

A strong acid/base is a solution with <4 or >11 on the pH scale

30
Q

What is an acid?

A

An acid is a solution with a pH of under 7

31
Q

What is a weak acid/base?

A

A weak acid/base is a solution that is +-3 from 7 on the pH scale

32
Q

What is salt?

A

A salt/ionic compound is a chemical compound consisting of cations and anions (neg. and pos. charged ions

33
Q

What is supersaturated

A

Supersaturated is a term for when a solution has more solute than the solvent needs at a given temperature, to become saturated

Chemistry Cycle 2 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions