Cycle 2 Flashcards
What is a Group
A group is a column on the periodic table vertically, sorted by their valence electrons
What is The Atomic Number?
It is the amount of protons, and the chronological order of an element on the periodic table
What is a Valence Orbit?
It is the set of orbitals that valence electrons freely move between. It is the outermost orbit
What is a mole?
A mole is a comparison as the term a dozen is to 12. A mole is 6.022 x 10^23
What is an Entity?
The existence of a thing as contrasted with its attributes (ion, atom, element)
What is an Aqueous Solution?
A solution where the solvent is water.
What is Absolute Zero?
Absolute Zero refers to the temperature that particles stop moving entirely. This is 0K or -273.15C
What is Charles’ Law?
Charles’ Law states that the volume of an ideal gas at constant pressure is directly proportional to the absolute temperature
What is Ideal Gas?
It is a hypothetical gas of molecules that follow the laws; they do not attract/repel one another, and take up no space (have no volume)
What is pressure?
Pressure is the measurement of gas in a room, specifically the amount of energy exerted per area.
What is the Mass Number?
The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom. The mass number also has isotope values already.
What is a period?
It is the horizontal rows on the periodic table, sorted by the valence shells (orbitals) on each element.
What is the Relative Atomic Mass?
It is the averaged out mass of an element, with its isotopes and those isotopes occurrences factored into it.
What is the Molar Mass?
The molar mass is the measurement(amount) of a substance, measured in moles (6.02 x 10^23). It is per 1 mole of substance (5g/mol has 5g of mass per 1 mole of substance)
What is a Solution?
A solution is the final product of mixing the solvent and solute together.
What is a solvent?
A solvent is the substance in a solution that does the dissolving (eg water)
What is an Atmosphere?
It is a mixture of gases that surround the earth, and is usually used as a form of measurement (1 atm == 14.7 lb/in2, 1 atm == 101 325 Pa)
What is the Combined Gas Law?
A law that states that the ratio between pressure, volume, and absolute temperature of a gas equals some constant (P¹V¹/T¹ == P²V²T²)
What is the Ideal Gas Law?
A law that states that the product of the pressure & the volume of one gram molecule of ideal gas == the product of the absolute temperature of the gas and the universal gas constant.
What is SATP?
The Standard Ambient Temperature & Pressure is used as a reference, where 25C (298.15K), and 1atm (101.325kPA) are stated
What is an isotope?
An isotope is a rarely occuring form of an element where it has less/more neutrons than usual, but still stable. This is why the periodic table has big decimal values of atomic mass.
What are Valence Electrons?
Valence Electrons are the electrons on the outermost shell (orbital) of an atom. They can freely move from atom to atom and try their hardest to make a neutrally charged atom.
What is Isotopic Abundance?
Isotopic Abundance states that Isotopes of a given element do not all exist in equal ratios
What is Avogadro’s Number?
Avogadro’s Number is the number used to state how many particles per mole there are. The number is 6.02x10^23
What is Dilution?
Dilution is when you add more Solvent to a solution, so that the overall concentration of the solute is less.
What is a Solute?
A solute is the substance being dissolved in a solution, such as sugar in lemonade
What is Boyle’s Law?
Boyle’s Law states that the pressure and volume of a gas have an inverse relationship. If volume increases, pressure decreases and vice versa.
What is Gay-Lussac’s Law?
It states that the pressure of a given amount of gas held at a constant volume is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature.
What is Kilopascals?
Kilopascals is the measurement of pressure (Pa) in 1000’s. 1kPA == 1Pa
What is Kelvin?
A Kelvin is a measurement of temperature. 0 Kelvin is the temperature that particles stop moving entirely (at -273.15C).
