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Human Factors > Cyber Exams > Flashcards

Cyber Exams Flashcards

1
Q

Regarding experience and accidents:
A. novice pilots have fewer handling accidents than experienced pilots
B. Novice pilots have more handling accidents that experienced pilots
C. Novice pilots have fewer accidents by faulty judgement than experienced pilots
D. Novice pilots have more accidents caused by faulty judgement than experienced pilots

A

B. Novice pilots have more handling accidents that experienced pilots

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2
Q

Hyperventilation may be caused by:
A. Overbreathing
B. Underbreathing
C. Breathing too much carbon dioxide
D. Breathing too much carbon monoxide

A

A. Overbreathing

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3
Q

Carbon monoxide is dangerous because:
A. It displaces oxygen from the red blood cells
B. It is heavier than air so displaces the air
C. Is it very smelly and so is a distraction
D. It affects increase in descent

A

A. It displaces oxygen from the red blood cells

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4
Q

Excess salt tends to:
A. Make you pass a lot of water
B. Lower your resistance to bacterial infection
C. Lower the blood pressure
D. Raise the blood pressure

A

D. Raise the blood pressure

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5
Q

Long term memory is characterised by:
A. Apparently unlimited capacity but information can be difficult to recall
B. Very limited capacity but reliable and easy to recall
C. Apparently unlimited capacity, reliable and easy to recall
D. Limited capacity and difficult recall

A

A. Apparently unlimited capacity but information can be difficult to recall

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6
Q

Motivation can be defined as:
A. The difference between what a person can do and what they will do
B. The desire for more financial rewards
C. Antisocial behaviour
D. The need for recognition

A

A. The difference between what a person can do and what they will do

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7
Q

Fatigue will most adversely affect:
A. Thinking clearly
B. Motor sills/programmed sills
C. Vision and hearing
D. Radio communications

A

A. Thinking clearly

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8
Q

When fatigued, the type of task most adversely affected is:
A. Monotonous, simple
B. Interesting, simple
C. Complex, interesting
D. Monotonous, complex

A

D. Monotonous, complex

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9
Q

You experience a sudden decompression at 30,000ft. The result you would be most likely to experience is:
A. Abdominal pain
B. Sudden exhalation of breath
C. Choking
D. Large joint pain

A

B. Sudden exhalation of breath

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10
Q

After being exposed to normal light, night vision ability returns after about:
A. 30-40 minutes
B. 24 hours
C. 2 minutes
D. 3 hours

A

A. 30-40 minutes

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11
Q

The health problem most directly related to obesity is:
A. Heart disease
B. Diabetes
C. Hepatitis
D. Myopia

A

A. Heart disease

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12
Q

Compared to sitting idle, the oxygen uptake rate of the average pilot engaged in controlling a cockpit fire (working hard) would be increased by approximately:
A. 5 times
B. 20 times
C. 3 times
D. 10 times

A

B. 20 times

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13
Q

The organ of the body capable of sensing linear movement is:
A. The Anvil
B. The Semicircluar canals
C. The Otolith
D. The Eustachian tube

A

C. The Otolith

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14
Q

With reference to transmeridional metric dyschronism (jet lag), the worst condition for biorhythm readjustment is:
A. Flying east (with the body systems needing to advance)
B. Flying west (with the body system needing to delay)
C. Flying east (with the body system needing to delay)
D. Flying west (with the body system phases needing to advance)

A

A. Flying east (with the body systems needing to advance)

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15
Q

One cause of anaemia is:
A. A deficiency of iron
B. A lack of assertion
C. A dark complexion
D. A lack of oxygen

A

A. A deficiency of iron

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16
Q

In the British midlands crash at Kegworth in Jan 1989, the crew of a B737 mistakenly shut down the wrong engine after a failure and subsequently crashed short of the runway when no power was available for the approach. Cabin crew and passengers had noted flames coming out of the left engine and although the captain announced to the cabin that the right engine had been shut down, no-one questioned the flight crew about this nor did the flight crew ask for any observations from the cabin crew. The decision to divert to Kegworth was made, ATC and the company were advised, engine shutdown checklists were completed and the cabin crew were kept informed of happenings but as the left throttle was advanced on final no power was available and the aircraft 900m short of the threshold. 47 died and 67 were seriously injured. The aircraft was destroyed. A major factor in an accident was the failure of the crew to:
A. Advise ATC of the problem
B. Aviate, navigate, communicate in the correct order
C. Monitor the fuel status
D. Divert in sufficient time to avoid tragedy

A

Aviate, navigate, communicate in the correct order

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17
Q

Oxygen is transported around the body by:
A. Haemoglobin in the white blood cells
B. Haemoglobin in the red blood cells
C. Plasma in the red blood cells
D. Alveoli

A

B. Haemoglobin in the red blood cells

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18
Q

You are in cruise with a cabin altitude of 15,000ft. One passenger begins to exhibit the symptoms of hyperventilation. The appropriate course of action would be:
A. Immediately raise the cabin altitude
B. Descend
C. Instruct the passenger to breathe more rapidly
D. Instruct the passenger to hold their breath

A

B. Descend

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19
Q

A leader on the flight deck will ideally adopt a style of communication which is:
A. Assertive and supportive
B. Aggressive and assertive
C. Supportive and tentative
D. Deferential and conciliatory

A

A. Assertive and supportive

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20
Q

Long exposure to very bright light can affect night vision for up to:
A. 6 hours
B. 1 day
C. 3 days
D. 1 week

A

D. 1 week

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21
Q

The short term memory has a retention span of about:
A. 5-10 seconds
B. 15-30 seconds
C. 40-60 seconds
D. 23 minutes

A

B. 15-30 seconds

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22
Q

The leans can be caused by:
A. Slowly entering a turn on instruments, followed by a fast wing levelling
B. Quickly entering a turn on instruments, followed by a fast wing levelling
C. Slowly entering a turn on instruments, followed by a slow wing levelling
D. Quickly entering a turn on instruments, followed by a slow wing levelling

A

A. Slowly entering a turn on instruments, followed by a fast wing levelling

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23
Q

A bell shaped curve of efficiency against stress shows:
A. That too high a stress level results in most efficiency and fun
B. That too low a stress results in most efficiency and fun
C. That too high a stress levels results in inefficiency and collapse
D. That too high a stress level results in lack of interest

A

C. That too high a stress levels results in inefficiency and collapse

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24
Q

Our eyes start greying out at a G loading of about:
A. 1.5G
B. 2.5G
C. 3.5G
D. 4.5G

A

C. 3.5G

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25
Q

A persons resistance to stress will be best increased by:
A. Straining the whole system
B. Prescription drugs
C. Rest and relaxation
D. Adopting a positive fitness program

A

D. Adopting a positive fitness program

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26
Q

After crossing a number of time zones, the average rate of time adjustment the body makes:
A. 10 hours per day
B. 7 hours per day
C. 4 hours per day
D. 1.5 hours per day

A

D. 1.5 hours per day

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27
Q

A pilot on a check flight performs of accurate landings during the check but then undershoots during a landing. This error would be classified as:
A. Random
B. Sporadic
C. Systematic
D. Consistent

A

B. Sporadic

28
Q

On a hot day, the amount of water a body loses on average is:
A. 2 litres
B. 5 litres
C. 8 litres
D. 12 litres

A

B. 5 litres

29
Q

Some kinds of food are known to produce gas in the body. These include:
A. Vegetables, mainly legumes
B. Meats, especially red meats
C. Any kind of thawed food
D. Foods high in sugar

A

A. Vegetables, mainly legumes

30
Q

Concerning short term memory, the incorrect statement is:
A. It serves us for a matter of seconds only
B. It is almost error free
C. It can only handle 5-9 items at once
D. It is very susceptible to error

A

D. It is very susceptible to error

31
Q

Good leadership would not be defined as:
A. Leading by example
B. Advising intent before acting
C. Not involving the crew in decision making
D. Praising good performance

A

C. Not involving the crew in decision making

32
Q

After crossing a number of time zones, the average rate of time adjustment the body makes is:
A. 10 hours per day
B. 7 hours per day
C. 4 hours per day
D. 1.5 hours per day

A

D. 1.5 hours per day

33
Q

With regard to the problem of a closed or blocked Eustachian tube. The phase of flight likely to be more of a problem than the rest is:
A. Climb with the volume of gas in the middle ear decreasing
B. Cruise with the volume of gas in the middle ear remaining constant
C. Descent with the volume of gas in the middle ear decreasing
D. Landing with the volume of gas in the middle ear fluctuating

A

C. Descent with the volume of gas in the middle ear decreasing

34
Q

A crew has just completed a flight from Melbourne to Tokyo and return with minimum rest. At the end of this tour, they would most likely be suffering the effects of:
A. Chronic fatigue
B. Acute fatigue
C. Transmeridiomal dyschronism
D. Boredom

A

B. Acute fatigue

35
Q

Regarding Human Error:
A. Concealing errors will encourage their repetition and should be discouraged
B. Strict adherence to SOPs is the only way to improve safety and minimise errors
C. All errors need to be punished immediately to ensure no repeat
D. Your ATPL instructor though he made an error once but he was wrong

A

A. Concealing errors will encourage their repetition and should be discouraged

36
Q

Hearing protection should be used to avoid hearing damage above a minimum noise level of:
A. 120db
B. 100db
C. 140db
D. 85db

A

D. 85db

37
Q

As a pilot on a night freight run, your sleep patterns are irregular and you find it difficult to get to sleep sometimes. The use of strong sleeping tablets is:
A. Not recommended under any circumstances
B. Best avoided within 12 hours of commencement of flight
C. Best avoided within 24 hours of commencement of flight
D. Not a problem if they help you get a good sleep

A

C. Best avoided within 24 hours of commencement of flight

38
Q

Concerning motor programmes:
A. They never require conscious monitoring to ensure correct execution
B. They decrease central processing capacity
C. They can only be used to perform simple functions
D. They can be prone to the errors of action slips and environmental capture (the wrong programme may be unknowingly executed by mistake)

A

D. They can be prone to the errors of action slips and environmental capture (the wrong programme may be unknowingly executed by mistake)

39
Q

A common source of human error is the false hypothesis. Under certain conditions this is more or less likely than at other times. The situation least likely to result in a person arriving at a false hypothesis is:
A. When expectancy of an event is high
B. After a period of intense concentration
C. After repeated system false alarms
D. When operations are normal

A

D. When operations are normal

40
Q

Cyanosis may be described as:
A. Shallow breathing
B. Blueing of the lips and nail beds
C. Blurred vision
D. Food poisoning

A

B. Blueing of the lips and nail beds

41
Q

The post-prandial dip refers to:
A. A swim after class
B. A light savoury snack in the afternoon
C. After lunch sleepiness
D. Compass error in the mid latitudes

A

C. After lunch sleepiness

42
Q

The glass cockpit technology of the modern generation of aircraft have many advantages over the conventional flight deck instruments but there are disadvantages as well. One disadvantage is:
A. Pilots having difficulty integrating the mass of information presented on the displays
B. An increased monitoring workload
C. Lack of proficiency of basic instrument flying skills especially for younger pilots
D. Older pilots distrusting the system

A

C. Lack of proficiency of basic instrument flying skills especially for younger pilots

43
Q

A pilot must breathe 100% oxygen under pressure above a cabin altitude of:
A. 20,000ft
B. 30,000ft
C. 40,000ft
D. 45,000ft

A

C. 40,000ft

44
Q

Good multi-crew cockpit management can be characterised by:
A. High task orientation and low personal attention
B. Low task orientation and low personal attention
C. Low task orientation and high personal attention
D. High task orientation and high personal attention

A

D. High task orientation and high personal attention

45
Q

An action to improve night vision is to:
A. Avoid reading 1hr before to night flying
B. Wear sunglasses during the day
C. Wear prescription glasses
D. Flight plan in a brightly lit room prior to night flying

A

Wear sunglasses during the day

46
Q

The human short term memory can retain on average:
A. 7 items for 15 seconds
B. 12 items for 60 seconds
C. 20 items for 30 seconds
D. 25 items for 45 seconds

A

7 items for 15 seconds

47
Q

To develop under normal conditions after the lights have been turned off, full night vision requires:
A. 15-20 minutes
B. 30-40 minutes
C. 60-80 minutes
D. 2 hours

A

30-40 minutes

48
Q

Short term memory is:
A. Of average susceptibility to errors
B. Very susceptible to errors
C. Error free
D. Almost error free

A

Almost error free

49
Q

The normal sea level pressure is doubled at a water depth of:
A. 22ft
B. 33ft
C. 55ft
D. 66ft

A

33ft

50
Q

Empty field myopia is the tendency for the eyes to take up a resting focus position when there is nothing to focus on, such as looking at an empty sky.
The usual distance of the resting focus position in front of the eyes is:
A. 1-2 meters
B. 20 meters
C. Infinity
D. 5-10 meters

A

1-2 meters

51
Q

Maleria is a leading cause of death amongst pilots in third world countries such as Haiti. The precaution most effective as a preventative measure to guard against infections is:
A. Prescription tablets which are completely effective as a preventative measure
B. To always sleep under a mosquito net
C. To always sleep in an air conditioned house
D. To always wear long sleeves and trousers and use insect repellant spray

A

Says D but why not A

52
Q

A pilot on a check flight performs a number of landings during the check but the touchdown point varies without any recognisable pattern. The error would be classified as:
A. Random
B. Sporadic
C. Systematic
D. Consistent

A

Random

53
Q

A pilot on a check flight performs a number of landings during the check but undershoots in all cases. The error would be classified as:
A. Random
B. Sporadic
C. Systematic
D. Consistent

A

Systematic

54
Q

Regarding drugs which can be taken without the approval of a DAME:
A. Only prescription drugs may be taken
B. Only non-prescription drugs may be taken
C. Only legal drugs may be taken
D. Care should be exercised in relation to all drugs even though specific approval is not always required for all drugs

A

D. Care should be exercised in relation to all drugs even though specific approval is not always required for all drugs

55
Q

The condition causing a pilot to think that he is high on approach is when:
A. The lighting is less bright than usual
B. The terrain slopes down to the threshold
C. The air is abnormally clear
D. The runway is shorter than usual

A

The air is abnormally clear

*When the atmosphere is unusually clear, the brain can think objects are closer than they are - leads to overshooting (making you think you’re too high)

56
Q

Following the consumption of alcohol, it can still be found to influence information processing ability for:
A. 24 hours
B. 12 hours
C. 10 hours
D. 8 hours

A

A. 24 hours

57
Q

The condition which can make the pilot think that he is low on approach is:
A. When the runway slopes up from the threshold
B. A narrower than usual runway
C. A black approach
D. Poor visibility

A

Poor visibility

*Poor vis makes objects appear further away than they actually are, making you think you’re too low (undershooting)

58
Q

Obesity can lead to:
A. High blood pressure
B. Low blood pressure
C. Fainting attacks
D. Shortage of breath

A

High blood pressure

59
Q

Unequal air pressure between part of the ear and the environment can cause pain and other complications. The part of the ear affected is the:
A. Inner ear
B. Middle ear
C. Outer ear
D. Lower ear

A

Middle ear

60
Q

Hypoxia risk will not be increased by:
A. Increased altitude
B. A cold environment
C. Smoking
D. Hyperventilation

A

Hyperventilation

61
Q

The human brain is often considered analogous to a computer. The order of processing stages is:
A. Decision, sensations, perception, response
B. Sensation, perception, decision, response
C. Response, sensation, perception, decision
D. Perception, response, decision, sensation

A

Sensation, perception, decision, response

62
Q

Following alcohol consumption, it can still be found in the brain cells for up to:
A. 24 hours
B. 14 hours
C. 8 hours
D. 12 hours

A

12 hours

63
Q

Regarding long term memory:
A. Things are easier to learn if they are learned repetitively
B. Things are easier to learn if they are taught in small blocks of information
C. Things are easier to learn if they are taught in large blocks of information
D. Things are easier to remember if they are related to something already known

A

D. Things are easier to remember if they are related to something already known

64
Q

The most common cause of pilot incapacitation is:
A. Alcohol
B. Hypoxia
C. Gastro-intestinal upset
D. Heart attacks

A

Gastro-intestinal upset

65
Q

If you have a cold, the most common phase of flight likely to cause the worst problem is:
A. Take-off
B. Climb out
C. Descent
D. Cruise

A

Descent

66
Q

Hypoxia is caused by:
A. A reduction in the partial pressure of oxygen
B. An increase in the partial pressure of oxygen
C. A reduction in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide
D. An increase in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide

A

A reduction in the partial pressure of oxygen

67
Q
A

Human Factors (2 decks)

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