CW 20 - 'The main reason Eastern Europe failed to mount any effective opposition movement was because the resistance was divided and weak' How far do you agree?

Question 1

What are the 4 different paragraphs in the question ‘The main reason Eastern Europe failed to mount any effective opposition movement was because the resistance was divided and weak (1945-84). How far do you agree?

Answer 1

• 1940s
• 1950s
• Czech Crisis
• Solidarity

Question 2

What is the argument throughout the question?

Answer 2

The movements did not fail because they were weak and divided, it was because the USSR was very powerful and was able to suppress the movements

Question 3

PARAGRAPH 1: 1940s

Answer 3

PARAGRAPH 1: 1940s

Question 4

What was set up in Poland after WW2?

Answer 4

The National Liberation Committee

Question 5

When were 16 London Poles arrested and forced to confess to German collaboration?

Answer 5

March 1945

Question 6

When were elections held in Poland?

Answer 6

January 1947

Question 7

What % of the vote and how many seats did the Democratic Bloc win in rigged Polish elections in January 1947?

Answer 7

80% of the vote, 394 seats

Question 8

What % of the vote and how many seats did the Polish Workers’ Party win in rigged Polish elections in January 1947?

Answer 8

10% of the vote, 28 seats

Question 9

When was King Michael of Romania forced to abdicate the throne?

Answer 9

December 1947

Question 10

What did Romania become after King Michael’s abdication?

Answer 10

The Communist People’s Republic of Romania

Question 11

When was Jan Masaryk thrown out of a window?

Answer 11

March 1948

Question 12

PARAGRAPH 2: 1950s

Answer 12

PARAGRAPH 2: 1950s

Question 13

When was the East German Uprising?

Answer 13

June 1953

Question 14

How many East Germans protested against Walter Ulbricht raising production targets?

Answer 14

400,000

Question 15

How many tanks did the USSR send in?

Answer 15

600

Question 16

How many Soviet soldiers were sent into East Germany?

Answer 16

200,000

Question 17

How many East Germans died in the East German uprising?

Answer 17

125 died

Question 18

When did Hungarian protestors demand reforms?

Answer 18

1956

Question 19

Who was appointed as Hungarian leader after protests?

Answer 19

Imre Nagy

Question 20

When did Khrushchev agree to remove Soviet troops from Hungary?

Answer 20

28th November 1956

Question 21

What did Nagy announce on the 1st November 1956?

Answer 21

That Hungary would be withdrawing from the Warsaw Pact and that there would be a move towards free elections

Question 22

How many tanks did the Soviets send into Hungary on the 2nd November 1956, fearing that communism would collapse?

Answer 22

4000 tanks

Question 23

How many Hungarians were killed?

Answer 23

3000

Question 24

When was Nagy arrested?

Answer 24

4th November 1956

Question 25

PARAGRAPH 3: THE CZECH CRISIS

Answer 25

PARAGRAPH 3: THE CZECH CRISIS

Question 26

What is the Czech Crisis also known was?

Answer 26

The Prague Spring

Question 27

When did Alexander Dubcek launch reforms which included free speech and multi-party elections?

Answer 27

April 1968

Question 28

When was censorship in Czechoslovakia abolished?

Answer 28

June 1968

Question 29

Why did other Eastern European countries write to Brezhnev during the Prague Spring?

Answer 29

They that that is socialism was challenged in one country then it would be challenged in all

Question 30

When did Brezhnev invade Czechoslovakia?

Answer 30

22nd August 1968

Question 31

How many were killed when the USSR invaded Czechoslovakia?

Answer 31

70 killed

Question 32

When was Dubcek removed as leader of Czechoslovakia?

Answer 32

April 1968

Question 33

What did Brezhnev introduce after the Czech Crisis?

Answer 33

The Brezhnev Doctrine

Question 34

PARAGRAPH 4: SOLIDARITY

Answer 34

PARAGRAPH 4: SOLIDARITY

Question 35

Where were there strikes in Poland after the government increased food prices by 100%

Answer 35

Gdansk

Question 36

Who led the strikes in Gdansk?

Answer 36

Lech Walesa

Question 37

How many members did Solidarity have?

Answer 37

8 million

Question 38

How much did the USA give to Solidarity each year?

Answer 38

$50 million

Question 39

What influential figure supported the Solidarity movement?

Answer 39

Pope John Paul II

Question 40

When did Solidarity push for reforms?

Answer 40

August 1981

Question 41

Who became First Secretary of the Polish Workers' Party?

Answer 41

General Wojciech Jaruzelski

Question 42

What was imposed in Poland in December 1981?

Answer 42

Martial law

Question 43

What happened to the leaders of Solidarity when martial law was imposed?

Answer 43

They were arrested

Question 44

When was Solidarity outlawed?

Answer 44

October 1982