CVPR 326 Pediatric Perfusion / Lecture 1 / Pulmonary Valvular Stenosis Flashcards
Pulmonary Valvular Stenosis definition.
heart valve disorder in which outflow of blood from the right ventricle of the heart is obstructed at the level of the pulmonic valve. This results in the reduction of flow of blood to the lungs.
Atresia
Missing
VSD present with no other cardiac defect present. Which way does the blood travel ?
Blood travels from LV to RV because of higher pressures in the left circulation.
VSD with a present Pulmonary Atresia. Which way does the blood travel ?
Why ?
Blood travels from RV to LV because of the high resistance in the Pulmonary Artery if higher than the systemic circulation.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus present with no othe cardiac defect present, which way will the blood travel ?
Aortic artery to Pulmonary Artery
Patent Ductus Arteriosus present with (MAS) meconium aspiration syndrome, which way will the blood travel ?
High PVR due to the sick lungs will cause blood to travel from the Pulmonary Artery into the Aortic Artery.
Sick patient placed on ECMO. Initial ECHO shows blood shunting from Right to Left through the Patent Ductus Arteriosus. 3 days later if the patient is healing, what can we expect?
Blood shunting from Left to Right due to a decrease in PVR.
Describe ductal dependence?.
Patients with pulmonary atresia require a VSD or a ASD in order to remain alive. here is the sequence:
SVC & IVC > RA > RV > Pulmonary atresia so blood cannot move into the PA, it must then move through either a VSD or ASD > Aortic Arch > Ductus Arteriosus & descending aorta > PA > Lungs > PV > LA.
What does indomethacin drug do ?
Closes ducts
What does the drug PGE1 do ?
therapy to maintain patency of ductus arteriosus temporarily, until surgery can be performed, in newborns who have congenital heart defects who depend on a patent ductus for survival.
Palliation or a palliative procedure definition ?
Something that is temporary. Plan designed to help you deal with the problem not fix it.
