CVPM Flashcards
Uniform Comercial Code (applies to the sale of goods)
What does UCC stand for in relation to contract law?
Offer
Acceptance
Consideration
Subjective elements are-an intent to contract and the meeting of the minds.
What are the three objective elements of a contract?
Adhesion contract
A contract that is written by the dominant party with no realistic opportunity to negotiate.
4 esental components to the law of negleance
1- Had a duty to prevent an injury from occurring.
2 - Violated that duty by failing to act in accordance with the standard of care expected of other DVMs under the same or similar circumstances.
3 – Showing that a connection existed between the DVMs conduct or lack of conduct and the resulting injury (doctrine of proximate cause).
4 – Proving that the actual damage or harm occurred.
Altering or destroying medical records
Spoilation
Criminal Law
Defines the boundaries of the relationship between the individual and society. Acts that are harmful to people and to the fabric of ordinary society.
Civil Law
Law pertaining to the relationships among individuals within society.
2 major subdivisions of Civil Law
Contract law and tort law
Tort Law
Subdivision of cival law pertaining to duties toward other people. Example: Law of negleance
Substantive Law
Set of rights and duties to which a person must adhere in today’s society.
Procedural Law
The rules and procedures for conducting a lawsuit.
What is an AHT on the state veterinary board.
Animal Health Technician
National Board Exam
What does NBE stand for?
What does CCT stand for?
Clinical Competency Test
Financial Accounting Standards Board
What does FASB stand for?
Everything of value owned by the company.
Assets
Money that is owed or debit
Liabilities
Equity (worth of the business)
Assets (everything of value owned by the company) minus liability (debts and money the practice owes)=
Cash flow statement
Report showing the sources of the practices incoming cash and the uses for that cash.
A detailed list of all accounts used in the normal course of business.
Chart of accounts
Balance Sheet
A statement of financial condition of the practice listing assets, liabilities and owners equity at a specific point in time.
MACRS
Modified accelerated cost recovery system. Where depreciation is more recognized in the first few years.
EBITDA
Earnings before intrest taxes depreciation and amortization.
What is a G & A expense?
General and administrative expense. Examples: janitorial, accounting, dues and subscriptions, maintenance and repair.
Gross profit margin
What is the difference between the cost of a product and the revenue it generates?
Net profit margin
What calculation divides the profit of the business by revenue generated.
Average transaction charge
Practice revenue divided by # of Practice transactions
- Product consolidation
- Order quantities that make sense
- Measure and increase compliance
- Doctor and staff product education
4 ways to maximize inventory turnover
Per se rule & Rule of reason
The two rules the courts use when making a ruling regarding antitrust
What is the DEA?
Drug Enforcement Agency
Primary federal law enforcement agency responsible for combating the abuse of controlled substances.
DEA 222 form
What form is used to order controlled drugs?
Copies 1 & 2 to the supplier
Copy 3 stays with clinic
Copy 2 is sent to the DEA by the supplier
DEA 106 form
What form is used to report theft or loss of a controlled drug?
2 questions permissible to ask a new hire regarding controlled substances?
Within the past 5 years have you been convicted of a felony or a misdemeanor in the last 2 or currently charged?
In the past 3 years have you knowingly used narcotics?
Controlled substance act 1970
Regulates distribution and dispensing of controlled substances
CSA
What schedule drugs have the highest potential for abuse and lowest acceptable medical use?
Schedule 1
Adulterated drug
Drugs that contain unsanitary components, differ in strength from official compendium. Think Triz-Baytril-Dex. Illegal to dispense.
Misbranded drug
A drug which the labeling is false or misleading or missing required rx information
What is a legend drug?
A prescription drug
FDA form 1932
What form is used for reporting adverse drug events
Awareness
Behavioral expectations
Consequences
Decision confirmed
Employee involved
Follow up
Corrective Action Formula (ABCDEF)
HMO Health Maintenance Organization
Patients visit physicians and facilities within the “network” usually it is required for the patient to be referred to a specialist by their primary care provider.
PPO- Preferred Provider Organization
A blend of fee for service and HMOs. They don’t require a referral from a primary care provider to visit a specialist although they do have a network of preferred providers and it’s more costly to go outside that network.
Similar to HMOs but patients are not required to get referrals from their primary care provider to see a specialist.
POS Point Of Service Plan
HSA
Health Savings Account
A Health Savings Account owned by you to be used to pay for medical services. To be used with high deductible plans.
FSA
Flexible Spending Account
Owned by your employer. Used to pay for a variety of health services.
SIMPLE IRA Plan
Retirement plan established by employers to allow employees to make pre taxed contributions. Employers must match.
What is a 401K?
Retirement plan established by employers to allow employees to contribute pre taxed dollars. Employers are not required to match. Required administrators and can be costly.
SEP
Simple Employee Pension Plan.
Similar to profit sharing. Funded by tax deductible employer contributions. Employees cannot contribute.
Drive times
What is the best way to identify your practices trade area?
Autonomy
Mastery
Purpose
Three elements must exist for intrinsic motion
ADA Act of 1990
Americans with Disabilities Act- no covered entity shall discriminate against a qualified individual because of disability.
EEOC
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
Responsibile for enforcement of the ADA at state and federal levels.
Hostile work environment
Exists when conduct based on a protected class by anyone in the work place has the purpose or effect of creating a hostile intimidating or offensive work environment.
What is Quid Pro Quo
Occurs when a supervisor conditions the granting of employment benefits upon the receipt of sexual favors from a subordinate. Or punishment for refusal of the sexual favors.
FLSA
Fair Labor Standards Act
Law regulating the way in which employees are paid. i.e. minimum wage, OT, child labor, equal pay ect.
Undue hardship?
An employment accommodation would be substantially costly, disruptive, or would alter the operation of the business.
Mental Health Parity Act (MHPA) of 1996
Provided that large, employer-sponsored (group) health plans and their insurers cannot impose annual or lifetime dollar limits on mental health benefits that are less favorable than any such limits imposed on physical health benefits.
ERISA
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA)
A federal law that sets minimum standards for most voluntarily established retirement and health plans in private industry to provide protection for individuals in these plans.
COBRA stands for Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act. This is the federal law that provides many workers with the right to continue coverage in a group health plan. This federal law applies to employers with 20 or more employees, including self-insured employers.
COBRA
Income Statement
Another name for profit and loss
Expansion
Prosperity
Contraction
Recession
The 4 stages of the business cycle
Examples of personnel expenses
Wages, payroll tax & benefits
Occupancy expense examples
Rent, utilities, property tax, repairs and maintenance
Variable expenses (Cost of Goods Sold COGS)
Pharmacy inventory, OTC, laboratory fees
Fixed administrative expense examples
Business license, advertising, equipment rental, interest expenses
Pro forma statement
Financial statements including income statement, cash flow statement and balance sheet based on projections inthe future.
Net Present Value
NPV is the difference between the present value of cash inflows and the present value of cash outflows over a period of time.
IRR Internal Rate of Return
The annual rate of growth that an investment is expected to generate.
What is debt financing
Borrowing money from a bank as a loan to finance something.
Equity financing
Financing obtained by venture capitalists, veterinary groups or veterinary practices.
Flash report
Illustrates a basic summary of data for the entire practice. Overall summary of practice preformance that is usually reviewed monthly.
common sized
An expense as a percentage of revenue.
A practice should aim for what percentage in AR (amounts receivable)?
Should not exceed 1% of gross income
Gross income
Income before taxes are taken out
Net income
After tax (what is left in the net after tax) Think of it like a tax strainer
Direct expense/cost
Cost directly related to patient care and can be traced back to a patient or client. Example: Drugs, supplies and food.
An indirect cost/expense
Associated with patient care but cannot directly be traced back to a patient or client.
Example: uniforms, holding inventory costs
Fixed expense
Expense that doesn’t change regardless of volume. Example: rent, building insurance and utilities.
Gross income
The amount of income received before taxes and expenses are paid
It must be multiplied by 100. Example costs of medical supplies $68,828.93 divided by $1,000,000 (income) = 0.07 × 100 = 7%
To express a percentage in a math equation
4.8%
Average yearly price increase on COGS and general and administrative expenses.
Balance Sheet
Statement of financial condition of the practice.
Profit and Loss (also known as the income statement)
Report matching revenue to expenses between two select dates (usually a month)
Basic accounting equation
Assets = Liabilities + Owners Equity
1400 with 60% known to cross species
How many known zoonotic disseases are there?
Veterinarians are responsible for educating clients on zoonotic diseases? True or false
True