CVD - OEDEMA Flashcards
What are some examples of Loop Diuretics?
Furosemide (can lead to gout), Bumetanide (most potent), Torasemide
How long do loop diuretics work for?
- 1 hour onset
- 6 hour duration
What are side effects of loop diuretics?
- ototoxicity - tinnitus and deafness
- acute urinary retention
- low K, Na, Mg, Cl, Ca
What are loop diuretics used for?
- Heart failure
- Resistant hypertension
What are some examples of thiazides + thiazide-likes?
- bendroflumethiazide
- chlortalidone
- indapamide - least aggrevation of diabetes
- metolazone
- xipamide
How long do thiazides work for?
- 1-2 hour onset
- 12-24 hour duration
What are the side effects of thiazides?
- HIGH Ca (with loops its LOW)
- GI disturbance
- impotence
- high LDL
- ineffective in renal failure
- LOW K, Na, Mg, Cl
What are some examples of potassium sparing diuretics?
- amiloride
- triamterene (urine looks blue)
- used in hypokalaemia patients. side effects are hyperkalaemia
What are some examples of aldosterone antagonists?
Spironolactone and eplerenone
What are the side effects of aldosterone antagonists?
- gynaecomastia - breast growth in men
- hypertrichosis - abnormal hair growth
- change in libido
- hyperkalaemia
- hyonatraemia
What is mannitol used in?
- cerebral oedema
- high intracranial pressure
How would you treat simple gravitational oedema in the elderly?
- low dose diuretic - only short term
- stockings, raised legs, movement
What is raynauds syndrome triggered by and what is used for it?
- triggered by - cold temps, anxiety, stress
- Nifedipine is used in it
