CVD from prescribing Flashcards

1
Q

A QRisk2 score of what indicates lifestyle advice and a further risk assessment in 5 years is needed?

A

<10%

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2
Q

Healthy lifestyle advice can be broken down into:

A

Cardioprotective dietPhysical activity Weight managementAlcohol reductionSmoking cessation

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3
Q

Total fat intake should be ___ or less of total energy intake.

A

Total fat intake should be 30% or less of total energy intake

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4
Q

Saturated fat intake should be ___ or less of total energy intake

A

Saturated fat intake should be 7% or less of total energy intake

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5
Q

Dietary cholesterol intake should be less than _______

A

Dietary cholesterol intake should be less than 300mg/day

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6
Q

Salt intake should be less than ___ per day

A

Salt intake should be less than 6g per day

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7
Q

A healthy BMI is ____

A

<25kg/m2

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8
Q

Low risk consumption level of alcohol is a maximum of __ units per week for both men and women. If as much as this is consumed, this should be spread evenly over 3 days or more.

A

Low risk consumption level is a maximum of 14 units per week for both men and women. If as much as this is consumed, this should be spread evenly over 3 days or more. Advise people not to exceed this level.

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9
Q

A QRisk2 score of what indicates pharmacological therapy should be considered in conjunction with lifestyle advice?

A

> 10%.

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10
Q

A pint of regular strength beer contains __ units

A

a pint of regular strength beer contains 2.3 units

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11
Q

A small glass of wine contains __units

A

a small glass of wine contains 1.5 units

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12
Q

What is the AAA approach?

A

Smoking cessation NICE PH10. Ask and record smoking status. Advise they stop. Act on patient response.

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13
Q

1st line pharmacological treatment for prevention of CVD is:

A

atorvastatin 20mg titrate up to 80mg in order to achieve target non-HDL.

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14
Q

2nd line pharmacological treatment for prevention of CVD is:

A

Simvastatin 40mg or Pravastatin

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15
Q

Max of 1st line treatment for prevention of CVD is:

A

atorvastatin 20mg titrate up to 80mg in order to achieve target non-HDL.

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16
Q

Patients receiving lipid lowering therapy should aim for:

A

> 40% reduction for non-HDL.

17
Q

[1], [2] and [3] are no longer recommended for the prevention of cardiovascular disease

A
  1. Fibrates2. Nicotinic acid3. Omega-3 fatty acid
18
Q

Before initiating treatment with statins, what must be done? [8]

A

Measure:BPBMIHbA1cRenal function/eGFRLFTsThyroid stimulating hormone testsFull lipid profileBaseline CK if pre-existing muscle pain.

19
Q

After initiation of statin treatment, a review should be scheduled for:

A

1-3 months later.

20
Q

A statin treatment review should include:

A
  1. Measure LFT, TC, non-HDL levels2. If >40% reduction not achieved discuss why
21
Q

At a statin treatment review why would CK levels be checked?

A

If patient complains of muscle pain, weakness or cramps.

22
Q

CK levels of ____ will result in discontinuation of statins.

A

> 5x the upper limit of normal.

23
Q

Why would measuring the baseline CK levels before initiating statins be needed?

A

If pre-existing muscle pain is present.

24
Q

ALT or AST levels of ____ will lead to discontinuation of statin treatment.

A

> 3x upper limit of normal.

25
Q

An increase in blood glucose levels or HbA1c levels will have what impact on statin treatment?

A

No effect.

26
Q

Once statin patients are stable, how often should medication reviews occur?

A

Yearly.

27
Q

Sufficient NRT to last how long after the agreed stop date should be provided?

A

Two weeks after the target stop date.

28
Q

Triglyceride levels of >what need referral?

A

> 10mmol/litre triglyceride levels.

29
Q

Tc of more than what = referral?

A

9.0mmol/litre

30
Q

non-HDL levels of >what = referral?

A

7.5mmol/litre