CVD Flashcards
Define cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular disease is a disease of the heart or blood vessels
Give three example of CVD
Coronary heart disease, stokes, heart attacks
What can cause damage to an artery wall
High blood pressure
What causes a heart attack
Bits of the athermas break off or damages the blood vessels
Name the arteries that supply the heart muscles oxygen
Coronary artery’s
Describe the lifestyle factors that increase CVD risk
- A diet high in salt and fat
2.smoking
3.high blood pressure - High in blood cholesterol
- Lack of exercise
State three treatment’s for CVD
Angioplasty, statins, lifestyle changes
What does the capillaries do
The capillaries is where gas exchange takes place
Label the heart staring from the right
Pulmonary artery
Venacava
Right atrium
Tricuspid valve
Right ventricle
(Left)
Aorta
Pulmonary vein
Left atrium
Biscuspid ( mitral) valve
Left ventricle
In between the pulmonary and aorta is the semi lunar valves
RMEBER
Atria contract is open
Ventricles contract is closed
Double circulation
The blood goes through the heart twice and around the body once
What does the pulmonary circulation do
It carries blood to the lungs and back to the heart
What does systemic circulation do
Carries blood to and around the body and back to the heart
What does the arteries do
The arteries carries blood away from the heart
Whst does the veins do
The veins carry blood towards the heart and it contains valves
What does the capillaries do
The capillaries is where has exchange takes place
What is the difference between the capillaries and arteries
The arteries has a high pressure and capillaries has a low pressure. The arteries has thick walls and the capillaries has thin walls
What are the CVD factors that decreases the risk of CVD
Eating healthy, exercise, stop smoking, keep blood pressure under control
What is Cholesterol snd does it have any side effects
Cholesterol is needed by the body however to much cholesterol in the blood causes fatty deposits
What are fatty deposits
Fatty deposits build up too form athermas, these cause the artery’s to harden and narrow
What do blood clots do
Blood clots( thrombosis) are formed by a build up of plaque
How are heart attacks caused
They are caused by reducing blood.
What if a blockage occurs in the brain what will happen?
If the blockage occurs in the brain it can cause a stroke
Why is smoking and high levels of salt and fat and exercise a big risk of CVD
Smoking has nicotine in cigarettes that can increase your heart rate which increases blood pressure.
High levels of salt and fat if you have too much fat it can increase your blood pressure
Exercise can lower. Blood pressure and blood cholesterol so a lack can increase the risk of high blood pressure and high blood cholesterol which increases the risk of CVD
What are statins
Statins reduces the amount of cholesterol in the blood stream daily basis and can induce side effects including aching muscles or on a more serious note liver damage
What is angioplasty
Angioplasty is a small balloon is inserted and inflated allowing blood to pass through artery beging to narrow again. Surgery can have a risk of clots, bleeding and infection
What is the thickest to the thinnest
Arteries , veins, capillaries
RMEBER
1.muscle
2. Endothelium
