CVA

Question 1

Most common sites of CVA lesions

Answer 1

origin of the common carotid artery

middle cerebral artery (main bifurcation)

junction of vertebral arteries and basilar artery

Question 2

middle cerebral CVA

Answer 2

most common stroke

contra hemiplegia (UE>LE)

loss of UE and facial sensation

often includes homonymous hemianopsia

injury in L hemisphere may cause aphasia and apraxia

if main stem of middle cerebral artery occluded, global aphasia may occur

Question 3

anterior cerebral CVA

Answer 3

rarely involved

contra hemi and loss of sensation

LE>UE

can result in mental confusion, aphasia, contra neglect if extensive damage to dominant side

Question 4

posterior cerebral CVA

Answer 4

persistent pain syndrome may occur
or
contra loss of pain and temp sensory

may include:
homonymous hemianopsia

aphasia

thalamic pain syndrome

Question 5

vertebral basilar CVA

Answer 5

often fatal due to edema

if patient survives and pons affected, patient may have quadraparesis and bulbar palsy

“locked in state”

only able to communicate with eye blinks

other sx may include:  
vertigo
coma
diplopia
nausea
dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)
ataxia

Question 6

anterior inferior cerebellar CVA

Answer 6

unilateral deafness
unilateral Horner’s syndrome

loss of sweating
ataxia
vertigo
nystagmus

contra loss of pain and temp sensory
paresis of lateral gaze

Question 7

superior cerebellar CVA

Answer 7

severe ataxia
dysarthria (loss of muscle articulation control)
dysmetria

contra loss of pain and temp sensory

Question 8

posterior inferior cerebellar CVA

Answer 8

Wallenerg's syndrome
   vertigo
   nausea
   hoarseness
   dysphagia
   ptosis
   decreased sensation ipsi face
           and contra torso/limbs

may include Horner’s syndrome