CV2 - Congenital heart failure

Question 1

congenital heart failure

Answer 1

develops in 1st trimester (4wks)= 8 out of 1000 births

MAJOR CAUSE OF DEATH

Question 2

Types

Answer 2

Cyanotic ( obstruction of blood flow to lungs) vs. acyonatic (L-> R shunting of blood in heart through abnormal opening)

Question 3

Cyanotic types of CHF

Answer 3

1. Transposistion of great vessles
2. Tetralogy of Fallot
3. Tricuspid Atresia

Question 4

Transposition of great vessels - CHF

Answer 4

it occurs when the opening of great vessels are not normal. Aorta open in R ventricle and Pulmonary artery starts in L- ventricle => low O in blood bc. blood comes from body to R-atrium-> R ventricle AND then OUT to BODY again thru AORTA FROM R- VENTRICLE

Question 5

Tetralogy pf FALLOT - CHF = 4 causes

Answer 5

1. PULMONARY STENOSIS = NARROWING NEAR/OR AT PULMONARY VALVE
2. ventricular SEPTAL DEFECT- is a opening between 2 ventricles
3. AORTA = POSITIONED in left ventricular septal defect instead of L-ventricle
4. R-ventricle musculature increase, more muscular than normal

Question 6

Tricuspid Atresia- CHF

Answer 6

-tricuspid valve malfunction / absent between R atrium/r ventricle
-is a open (ventricular septal defect = ductus) between ventricles
So blood goes from: R-atria to R ventricle or Through atrial ductus arterious to L-Atria => L-ventricle -> R ventricle ( septal defect between ventricles) => Lungs

DEOXIGENATED BLOOD IS PUMPED BY L - VENTRICLES = pulmonary OBSTRUCTION

Question 7

Acyanotic septal defects: - CHF = L to R shunting through some congenital defect

Answer 7

1. Ventricular septal defect
2. Atrial septal defect
3. Coarctation of Aorta
4. Patent ductus arteriosus
5. Aortic stenosis

Question 8

Ventricular septal defect- acyanotic

Answer 8

= between ventricles, from pinhole to absent

Question 9

Atrial septal defect-acyanotic

Answer 9

between atrii, blood flow from L=> R atria due to HIGH pressure in L -atria

Question 10

Coarctation of Aorta- acyanotic

Answer 10

• narrowing near insertion of ductus arteriosus , causing an increased pressure toward the head and UE + decrased BP towrd distal body (LE)

Question 11

Patent ductus arteriosus = acyanotic

Answer 11

failure to close of fetal ductus arteriosus => blood from Aorta flows back in pulmonar arteris

Question 12

symptoms of CHF

Answer 12

Cyanotic-= cuanotic, digital clubbing, tachycardia, dyspnea

Acyanotic- septal defects are Asymptomatic, coarctation = HTN, trouble w feeding, dyspnea

Question 13

complication CHF

Answer 13

at school age = 2-3 x more = neurodevelopmental disabilities

Question 14

CHF - prevention

Answer 14

Down syndrome, scree for prenatal RUbella