CV System: Integrated System For Blood Pressure Regulation Flashcards
Renal output of water
Pressure diuresis
Renal output of salt
Pressure natriuresis
Excess salt intake results in
Increase H2O retention-Increase MAP
Two determinants of long-term arterial pressure
Location of renal output curve
Level of intake line
Arterial Pressure =
CO x TPR
CO: two mechanisms to increase arterial pressure
Direct effect ( increased CO increased pressure) Indirect effect (autoregulation)
What is the main determinant of extracellular fluid volume
Amount of salt accumulation in body
Hormone that acts as and enzyme; released when arterial pressure drops - I.e. When renal perfusion is inadequate
Renin
Can be life-saving system in circulatory shock by raising arterial pressure
Renin-angiotensin system
Decreased arterial pressure releases _____ from kidney which acts on a renin substrate (_________) which results in _____ that transforms into ________ which is a powerful vasoconstrictor causing a retention of _______ and _______ and coupled with _____ results in ___________
Renin Angiotensinogin Angiotensin I Angiotensin II Salt, water Vasoconstriction Increased Arterial pressure
Angiotensin and Salt/Water Retention’s direct and indirect effect
Direct - kidneys retain salt and water
Indirect - adrenal glands secrete aldosterone which increases salt/water reabsorption by kidneys
Silent killer
Primary hypertension (influence of weight gain and sedentary lifestyle)
3 things increased in weight gain in HTN
CO, SNS activity, Angiotensin II/Aldosterone levels
What is a normal body response to an increase in extra cellular fluid (which results in increased blood volume and arterial pressure)
Kidneys excrete excess extracellular fluid and returns the pressure to normal
*mechanism reverses if reduced blood volume
