CV surgery

Question 1

5 main types of cardiac lesions

Answer 1

1. coronary artery disease
   - MI, angina
2. valvular disease
   - stenosis, regurg
3. aneurysms/dissections
4. muscle
   - heart failure
5. electrical
   - arrhythmia

Question 2

what is interventions for each of these issues

Answer 2

1. coronary artery disease
   - CABG
2. valvular disease
   - replace
3. aneurysms/dissections
   - repair
4. muscle
   - assisstive devices, transplant
5. electrical
   - implants

Question 3

2 goals of cardiac surg

Answer 3

1. prolong life

2. improve QOL

Question 4

4 parts of cardiac surgery

Answer 4

1. approach
   - how to get in
2. cardiopulm bypass
3. myocardial protection
4. hypothermia

Question 5

4 factors that improve survival rates of CABG

Answer 5

1. left main
2. triple vessel disesase
3. double vessel disease
4. surviviros of sudden death

Question 6

parts of assessing someone for CABG

Answer 6

• Hx and Phx
• Labs, pulm function
• angiogram
• ECHO

Question 7

what is done in CABG

Answer 7

1. sternotomy
2. harvest conduits
   - internal mammaries
   - greater saph vein
   - radial A
3. on or off pump
4. distal or proximal anastamosis

Question 8

3 main causes of A stenosis

Answer 8

1. calcification
2. rheum
3. congenital

Question 9

what is major time for prediciting death in A stenosis

Answer 9

Sx

• HF
• angina
• syncope

Question 10

what is med therapy for A stenosis

Answer 10

NO effective med

• can reduce Sx
• A fib make Sx worse

Question 11

**what are indications for surg

Answer 11

• Sx

- EF

Question 12

who to offer TAVI to

Answer 12

• severe Sx
• Sx due to aortic stenosis
• high surgical risk
• expectations of good QOL