CV Risk Reduction Flashcards
What tool should be used on people that have not experienced a CV event but is at risk of doing so
QRISK
When is aspirin used in prevention of a CV event
Secondary prevention
What lifestyle modifications can be made in preventing CV event
Cardioprotective diet
Exercise
Weight management if overweight or obese
Smoking cessation
Reducing alcohol consumption
What is a cardioprotective diet
Reduced saturated fat intake
Reduced refined sugars
Increase monosaturated fat intake
Eat wholegrains
5 portions of fruit and veg/day
At least 2 portions of fish / week
4-5 portions of unsalted nuts, seeds and legumes per week
What exercise advice can be given in preventing a cv event
150 minutes of moderate intensity activity
75 mins of vigorous intensity activity per week
What smoking cessation advice can be given in preventing a CV event
Start 2 types of smoking cessation
1 long term - patch
1 short term - gum
Primary prevention of CV event via lipid modification
Atorvastatin 20mg
Secondary prevention of CV event via lipid modification
High intensity statin therapy
Atorvastatin 80mg
Should not be delayed
Monitoring statin therapy
40% reduction in non-HDL cholesterol at 3 months
Liver function tests- baseline,2, 3 and 12 months
If ALT more than 3x upper limit - stop
Creatinine kinase more than 5x upper limit - stop
HbA1c in diabetics - baseline and 3 months
How can you explain a QRISK score of 20 to a patient
If there were 100 people like you, 20 of them will have a cardiovascular event. If you take a statin then only 7 would have a cardiovascular event
Summarise primary prevention of CV event [4]
Start antihypertensives if QRISK >10%
Start statin therapy = atorvastatin 20mg od
Smoking cessation and any lifestyle changes if necessary
NO ASPIRIN
Summarise the steps of secondary prevention of CV event [4]
Antihypertensives if QRISK>10
Atorvastatin 80mg OD
75mg OD aspirin
Smoking cessation and lifestyle modifications if needed
