CV III

Question 1

What is the function of the circulator system???

Answer 1

The function of the circulatory system is to deliver oxygen, nutrients, and other substances to all the body’s cells and to remove the waste products associated with cellular metabolism

Question 2

What affects the vascular system?

Answer 2

Pathological processes affect the vascular system

Question 3

Under what pressure do the arteries transport blood?

Answer 3

• Transport blood to tissues under high pressure

- Average diameter 4 mm and wall thickness 1 mm***

Question 4

What two types are arteries divided into?

Answer 4

-Divided into two types; conducting (elastic) and distributing (muscular) arteries

Question 5

What are the last small branches of the arterial system and act as control valves?

Answer 5

Arterioles:

• Last small branches of the arterial system
• Act as control valves for the release of blood into capillary beds.**

Question 6

What are capillaries used for?

Answer 6

Capillaries:

• Exchange of fluids, nutrients, electrolytes, hormones, and other substances occurs between the blood and the interstitial fluids in the capillaries
• Average diameter 8 μm and wall thickness 1 μm

Question 7

What acts as a large reservoir because they are distensible?

Answer 7

Veins- Act as a large reservoir because they are very distensible*******

Question 8

What collects blood from capillaries and become larger veins?

Answer 8

Venules:

-Collect blood from capillaries and gradually and progressively become larger veins

Question 9

Blood vessels walls are composed of what three layers?

Answer 9

Blood vessel walls are composed of three layers:

• -Tunica intima inter most layer
• -Tunica media middle or medial layer
• -Tunica externa (or adventitia) outer most or external layer

Question 10

For the arterial circulation, what comes off of the thoracic aorta?

Answer 10

Ascending aorta Leaves LV
--R/L coronary arteries and 3 major branches
--Brachiocephalic
R common carotid
R subclavian
--L common carotid
--L subclavian

Question 11

What receives a major part of the blood supply from the vertebral branches of the subclavian artery?

Answer 11

The circle of Willis also receives a major part of its blood supply from the vertebral branches of the subclavian artery

Question 12

Subclavian arteries branch before entering what part of the body?

Answer 12

Subclavian arteries branch before entering the upper arm.

Question 13

Where does the brachial artery begin?

Answer 13

Brachial artery begins at the terminal end of the axillary artery***

Question 14

How are the iliac arteries divided into?

Answer 14

Divide into internal and external iliac arteries

Intneral iliac supply blood to structures within the pelvis

External iliac arteries supplies blood to the legs

Question 15

Autoregulation maintains a constant blood flow through the capillary bed in response to fluctuations in what?

Answer 15

Autoregulation maintains a constant blood flow through the capillary bed in response to fluctuations in MAP

Question 16

Movement of fluid volume determined by what?

Answer 16

Movement of fluid volume determined by; capillary pressure, interstitial fluid pressure, plasma colloid osmotic pressure, and interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure

Question 17

Microcirculation is a good example of vascular growth that can occur to provide what kind of circulation?

Answer 17

Microcirculation is a good example of vascular growth that can occur to provide collateral circulation

Question 18

In collateral circulation, substances are released from what kinda of tissues?

Answer 18

Substances are released from ischemic tissues, rapidly growing tissues, and tissues with high metabolic rates*****

Question 19

Dissolution of the basement membrane with eventual cords developing from cells in vessels, cells in these cords divide and then gradually fold over into a tube, those tubes then do what?

Answer 19

Dissolution of the basement membrane with eventual cords developing from cells in vessels, cells in these cords divide and then gradually fold over into a tube
Tubes then connect with other tubes to form a vascular network