CV First Aid Pharm Flashcards
What classes of drugs can you use to treat Primary (essential) HTN?
Diuretics
ACEi/ARB
Ca channel blockers
What drugs do you use for HTN w/ CHF?
Diuretics
ACEi/ARB
β-blockers
Aldosterone antagonists
What drugs do you use for HTN w/ diabetes
ACEi/ARB Ca channel blockers Diuretics β-blockers α-blockers
What are the 2 non-dihydropyridine Ca channel blockers?
Verapamil and Diltiazem - HTN, angina, A fib/flutter
What are the 3 dihydropyridine Ca channel blockers?
Amlodipine, nifedipine: HTN, angina, Raynauds
Nimodipine: subarachnoid hemorrhage
What channels do the Ca channel blockers work on?
L-type Ca
Heart: Verapamil > Diltiazem
Vascular SMC: Amlodipine & Nifedipine
What is the MOA of hydralazine?
↑cGMP → SM relaxation → Vasodilates arterioles
What is the MOA of Nitroprusside?
↑cGMP via direct release of NO - cyanide toxicity
What is the MOA of Fenoldopam
D1 R agonist - coronary, peripheral, renal, and splanchnic vasodilation
↓BP and ↑natriuresis
When might you want to use nitroprusside or fenoldopam?
Hypertensive emergency
What is the MOA of nitroglycerin?
Vasodilate by ↑ NO in vascular SM → ↑cGMP and smooth muscle relaxation
veins»_space;arteries
↓preload
What is the MOA of statins?
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
↓↓↓LDL, ↑ HDL, ↓ TG
What is the effect of Niacin (B3)
Inhibit lipolysis in fat and reduce hepatic VLDL synthesis
↓↓LDL, ↑↑HDL, ↓TG
Bile acid resins
Prevent intestinal reabsorption - must use more cholesterol
↓↓LDL, ￪HDL, ￪ TG
Ezetimibe
Blocks Cholesterol absorption at SI brush border
↓↓LDL
