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BUILDING GLOSSARY > CURTAIN AND UPHOLSTERY FABRIC GLOSSARY > Flashcards

CURTAIN AND UPHOLSTERY FABRIC GLOSSARY Flashcards

1
Q

Absorbency

A

The ability of a fabric to take in moisture.

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2
Q

Acrylic

A

A manufactured fiber; its major properties include a soft, wool-like hand, machine
washable and dryable and excellent color retention.

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3
Q

Alpaca

A

A natural hair fiber obtained from the Alpaca sheep, a domesticated member of the llama family.

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4
Q

Angora

A

The hair of the Angora goat. Also known as Angora mohair. Angora may also apply to the fur of the Angora rabbit.

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5
Q

Antique Satin

A

A reversible satin-weave fabric with satin floats on the technical face and surface slubs on the technical back created by using slub filling yarns. It is usually used with the technical back as the right side for drapery fabrics and often made of a blend of fibers.

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6
Q

Bamboo Fabric

A

Bamboo fabric is a natural textile made from the pulp of the bamboo grass. Bamboo fabric has been growing in popularity because it has many unique properties and is more sustainable than most textile fibers. Bamboo fabric is light and strong, has excellent wicking properties and is to some extent antibacterial.

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7
Q

Basket Weave

A

Plain weave where two or more warp yarns interlace with the same balance of filler yarns, so that the fabric surface resembles a basket.

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8
Q

Batik

A

A method of dyeing fabric where some areas are covered with wax or pastes made of glues or starches to make designs by keeping dyes from penetrating in pattern areas. Multicolored and blended effects are obtained by repeating the dying process several times with the initial pattern of wax boiled off and another design applied before dyeing again in a new color.

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9
Q

Batiste

A

A lightweight, plain weave fabric, semi-sheer and usually made of cotton or cotton blends.

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10
Q

Boiled Wool

A

Felted knitted wool, it offers the flexibility of a knit with great warmth.

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11
Q

Boucle

A

A knit or woven fabric with small curls or loops that create a nubby surface. The
fabric has a looped, knotted surface.

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12
Q

Brocade

A

A heavy jacquard type fabric with an all-over raised pattern or floral design

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13
Q

Brocatelle

A

Brocatelle is fairly similar to Brocade with a few subtle differences. Brocatelle features linen to strengthen it and often sticks to just two colors. As it’s a stronger fabric, it doesn’t drape well, making it a better choice for wall hangings than curtain fabric.

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14
Q

Brush Fringe

A

A brush fringe is a cut fringe that has a flat skirt made of thin yarns.

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15
Q

Buffalo Plaid

A

A plaid with large blocks formed by the intersection of two different colored
yarns. Can be found in multipurpose or upholstery weight fabrics.

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16
Q

Bullion Fringe

A

Bullion Fringe is made of cords rather than yarns. The heading can be plain or decorative.

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17
Q

Burlap

A

A loosely constructed, heavyweight, plain weave fabric. It has a rough hand.

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18
Q

Burn Out Velvet

A

Created from two different fibers, the velvet is removed with chemicals
in a pattern, leaving the backing fabric intact.

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19
Q

C.O.M.

A

Customer’s Own Material.

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20
Q

Calico

A

A lightly woven, cotton type fabric with an all over print; usually a small floral pattern on a contrasting background color.

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21
Q

Camel’s Hair

A

A natural fiber obtained from the underhair of the camel. It is relatively close to cashmere.

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22
Q

Canvas

A

A strong, durable, closely woven cotton fabric.

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23
Q

Casement Cloth

A

A lightweight textile made in a combination of fibers usually dyed in light
neutral colors.

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24
Q

Cashmere

A

A natural fiber obtained from the soft fleecy undergrowth of the Kashmir goat. A luxury fiber with a very soft hand.

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25
Q

Charmuese

A

A luxurious, supple, silky fabric with a shiny satin face and a dull back. Generally, either silk, rayon or polyester.

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26
Q

Check

A

A lightweight, sheer, plain-woven fabric with a very soft texture. It may be natural colored, bleached or dyed.

27
Q

Chenille

A

A fuzzy yarn whose pile resembles a caterpillar. Used mainly for decorative fabrics, embroidery, tassels and rugs. Sometimes used broadly to define a fabric woven from chenille yarns.

28
Q

Chinoiserie

A

A Chinese decorative style that was extremely popular in France and exemplified by its vogue in England especially during the reign of Queen Anne.

29
Q

Chintz

A

A plain weave fabric, which has been glazed to produce a polished look. Fabric must be dry cleaned as the glazing will wash off the machine laundering.

30
Q

Cord

A

A cloth made with cut pile ribs (or wales) running the length or width of the fabric. The ribs are produced by wefts yarns that are carried over the fabric face and then cut.

31
Q

Cotton

A

A white vegetable fiber grown in warmer climates in many parts of the world that has been used to produce many types of fabric for hundreds of years. Cotton fabric feels good against the skin regardless of the temperature or the humidity.

32
Q

Crewel

A

A true crewel fabric is embroidered with crewel yam loosely twisted, two-ply wool on a plain weave fabric. Traditional crewel fabrics are handwoven and embroidered in India. The design motif for crewel work is typically outlines of flowers, vines, and leaves in one or many colors. Modern weaving technology and inventive designers create traditional “crewel” looks with weave effects alone, without the use of embroidery.

33
Q

Denim

A

A twill weave cotton fabric made with different colored yarns in the warp and the weft. Due to the twill construction, one color predominates on the fabric surface.

34
Q

Dobby

A

A decorative weave, characterized by small figures, usually geometric, that are woven into the fabric structure

35
Q

Doeskin

A

Generally applied to fabric with a low nap that is brushed in one direction to create a soft suede-like hand on the fabric front.

36
Q

Drill

A

Strong, medium to heavyweight, warp-faced, twill weave fabric.

37
Q

Duck

A

A tightly woven, heavy, plain weave, bottom weight fabric with a hard, durable
finish. The fabric is usually made of cotton.

38
Q

Dupioni Silk

A

A crisp fabric with irregular slubs.

39
Q

Elasticity

A

The ability of a fiber to return to its original length, shape or size immediately after the removal of stress.

40
Q

Embossing

A

A calendering process in which fabrics are engraved with the use of heated rollers under pressure to produce a raised design on the fabric surface.

41
Q

Embroidery

A

An embellishment of a fabric or garment in which colored threads are sewn on to the fabric to create a design. Embroidery may be done either by hand or machine.

42
Q

Faux Fur

A

Artificial fur made from synthetic material.

43
Q

Felt

A

A non-woven fabric made from wool, hair or fur; and sometimes in combination with certain manufactured fibers, where the fibers are locked together in a process utilizing heat, moisture and pressure to form a compact material.

44
Q

Flannel

A

Usually a 100% cotton fabric that has been brushed on one or both sides for softness.

45
Q

Flax

A

The plant from which cellulosic linen fiber is obtained.

46
Q

Fleece

A

Synthetic knit fabric that stretches across the grain.

47
Q

Foulard

A

A lightweight, twill weave fabric, made from filament yarns like silk, acetate, polyester, with a small all over print pattern on a solid background.

48
Q

Gabardine

A

A worsted twill weave that is wrinkle resistant.

49
Q

Gauze

A

A sheer, open weave fabric usually cotton or silk.

50
Q

Georgette

A

A drapery woven fabric created from highly twisted yarns creating a pebbly texture.

51
Q

Gimp

A

Gimps are flat, narrow, woven textiles made in many styles. One or both edges of a gimp can plain or cut or have scalloped loops.

52
Q

Gossamer

A

Very soft, gauze like veiling originally of silk.

53
Q

Grois Point

A

A fabric which features large points of yarn on the surface of the fabric.

54
Q

Grosgrain

A

A tightly woven, firm, warp-faced fabric with heavy, round filling ribs created by a high warp count and coarse filling yarns. Grosgrain can be woven as a narrow ribbon or a full width fabric.

55
Q

Heather

A

A yarn that is spun using pre-dyed fibers. These fibers are blended together to give a particular look. The term, heather, may also be used to describe the fabric made from heathered yarns.

56
Q

Interlining

A

An insulation, padding or stiffening fabric, either sewn to the wrong side of the lining or the inner side of the outer shell fabric.

57
Q

Iridescent

A

A color effect created by weaving warp ends of one color and a weft of another color. The taffeta weave creates the best iridescent effects.

58
Q

Irish Poplin

A

There are two types of Irish poplin: (1) Originally a fabric constructed with silk warp and wool filling in plain weave with fine rib; (2) Fine linen or cotton shirting also made in Ireland.

59
Q

Jacquard

A

Intricate method of weaving invented by Joseph J.M. Jacquard in 1801-1804 in which a head motion at the top of the loom holds and operates a set of punched cards according to the motif desired. The perforations in the cards, in connection with the rods and cords, regulate the raising of the stationary warp thread mechanisms. Jacquard knitting is a development of the Jacquard loom and its principles. Jacquard fabrics are simple or elaborate in design and include brocade, brocatelle, damask, neckwear, evening wear, formal attire, some shirts, tapestries, etc.

60
Q

Jersey Fabric

A

Usually thinner or lighter weight than interlock knit with less stretch

61
Q

Jute

A

A base fiber, chiefly from India, used primarily for gunny sacks, bags, cordage and
binding threads in carpets and rugs.

62
Q

Kapok

A

A short, lightweight, cotton like, vegetable fiber found in the seed pods of the Bombocaceae tree. Because of its brittle quality, it is generally not spun. However, its buoyancy and moisture resistance makes it ideal for use in cushions, mattresses and life jackets.

63
Q

La Coste

A

A double knit fabric made with a combination of knit and tuck stitches to create a mesh like appearance. It is often a cotton or cotton/polyester blend.

64
Q

Lame

A

A woven fabric using flat silver or gold metal threads to create either the design or the background in the fabric.

BUILDING GLOSSARY (6 decks)

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