BUILDING Cards Flashcards
1
Q
Access
A
Approach or way in
2
Q
Access Door
A
Door which allows access to concealed space or equipment.
3
Q
Ag Line
A
A perforated pipe (usually covered with a geotextile fabric) laid behind retaining walls and other areas to catch seeping stormwater.
4
Q
Air Brick
A
Ventilation built into brickwork to provide ventilation through the wall.
5
Q
Allotment
A
A building site
6
Q
Aluminium Oxide
A
Synthetic abrasive made into stones, wheels or abrasive pater for sharpening tools.
7
Q
Ant Capping
A
Termite barrier, which is a shield, usually of galvanised iron, placed over piers and dwarf walls to control the entry of termites.
8
Q
Apex
A
The highest point of a gable.
9
Q
Arris
A
A sharp corner formed by the join of two surfaces along a length of timber or brick.
10
Q
Backfill
A
To fill the earth, any remaining space after placing concrete, brickwork, timber, pipes, etc. in an excavation.
11
Q
Barge Board
A
The board covering the roof timbers on the gable or skillion end of a roof fixed parallel to the roof slope.
12
Q
Batt
A
Any portion of a full brick.
13
Q
Bay Window
A
A window of varying shapes, projecting outward from the wall of a building, forming a recess in a room.
14
Q
Bearer
A
A sub-floor structural timber member, which supports the floor joists.
15
Q
Bed Joint
A
Horizontal joint in brickwork.
16
Q
Benchmark (BM)
A
A fixed point of reference, the elevation of which is known and referred to during levelling operations.
17
Q
Bevel
A
An angle formed between two straight lines meeting at an angle other than 90 degrees.
18
Q
Bit
A
An interchangeable cutting tool inserted into chuck of drilling machine.
19
Q
Bore
A
Diameter of centre hole in circular saw blade.
20
Q
Brace
A
A member, usually a diagonal, which resists lateral loads and/or movements of a structure.
21
Q
Building By-Laws
A
Regulations by which local authorities control building construction. No new building work or alteration of existing structures may be carried out unless these regulations are observed.
22
Q
Building Trades
A
All trades which have a part in the construction of a building (e.g. carpentry, masonry, painting, plumbing, electricity and heating).
23
Q
Cantilever
A
A projecting beam supported at one end or a large bracket for supporting a balcony. Two bracket-like arms projecting toward each other from opposite pies or banks to form the span of a bridge making what is known as a cantilever bridge.
24
Q
Capping
A
The uppermost part of the top of a piece of work.
25
Capping Brick
Bricks which are specially shaped for capping the exposed top of a wall.
26
Cast
To place some plastic material in a previously constructed form.
27
Chalk Line
Length of string thoroughly coated with chalk dust, used to strike a straight
guideline on a material. Line which is made with a chalking line.
28
Civil Engineering Works
Works comprising a structure other than a building and its associated site works such as a dam, bridge, road, etc. or an operation such as dredging, dewatering, soil stabilisation.
29
Column
Freestanding vertical load-bearing member.
30
Course
A single row or layer of bricks.
31
Crazing
Fine cracks that may occur on plastered rendered surface.
32
Cross-Cutting
Cutting timber across the grain.
33
Curing
Treatment of concrete or cement rendering to facilitate hardening.
34
Dead Load
A permanent, inert load on a building or other structure due to the weight of its structural members and the fixed loads they carry, which impose definite stresses and strains upon the structure.
35
Dimension
A measure of distance.
36
Door Jambs
The two vertical members of a door frame.
37
Door Leaves
In wide openings, a door may be made up into two or more individual sections or ‘leaves’, which are hinged together.
38
Dowel
A wood or metal pin used to strengthen a joint by its insertion partly into each of the joined pieces.
39
Elevation
A geometrical drawing of a facade of a building.
40
End Matching
Milled tongue and groove on the ends of flooring boards.
41
Excavation
A hole made by removing earth.
42
Expansion Joint
A joint in a building to permit thermal movement or creep.
43
Expansion Strip
A soft, resilient material used to fill the void provided for the expansion and contraction of any two adjacent substances.
44
Flashing
A strip of impervious material used to prevent the ingress of water between two surfaces.
45
Flush Joint
To place two adjacent surfaces together in the same plane. To form an invisible joint between two such surfaces, e.g. sheets of plasterboard.
46
Footing
The construction whereby the weight of the structure is transferred from the base structure to the foundation.
47
Forms
Prepared forms of timber or other material for the casting of concrete.
48
Grading
A classification of timber by strength required to perform a specific task.
49
Ground Line
The ground level or natural grade line.
50
Handrail
Railing which serves as a guard and which is intended to be grasped by the hand to serve as a support.
51
Hardboard
A timber sheet product manufactured of compressed wood fiber.
52
Joinery
Doors, windows, cupboards, manufactured in a joiner’s shop.
53
Kerb
An upstand. A raised edging to a pavement or path.
54
Kiln Drying
Controlled seasoning of timber by use of kilns.
55
Knot
Timber: Cross-section of branch in a sawn timber where it intersects with the main trunk. To paint, cover the knots in timber with a knotting preparation generally composed of shellac and methylated spirits.
56
Line Of Sight
The straight line projected from the telescope of a dumpy level.
57
Lining
Internal covering of walls of framed construction.
58
Lintel
Structural member or beam carrying loads over an opening.
59
Masonry
Brick, concrete, stone, artificial stone or terracotta laid in mortar.
60
Master Keying
A system by which all locks within a building are capable of being operated by one key. Often there are a series of sub-masters.
61
Mastic
A waterproof, adhesive, plastic compound.
62
Matrix
The mixture of sand and cement that binds together the aggregate of concrete.
63
Milled
Timber that has passed through a molding machine and is of a specific profile.
64
Mitre
Half angle of a joint.
65
Mitre Saw
A circular saw which can rotate on a swivel base for cutting timber at angles up to 45 degrees.
66
Non-Load-Bearing Partition Or Non-Load-Bearing Wall
One which supports no vertical load except that of its own weight and merely defines spaces.
67
Off-Form Concrete
Concrete which is formed by placing and stripping from formwork and has no other applied finish.
68
Off-Site
In another place of building.
69
Outside Foundation Line
A line which indicates the location of the outside of the
foundation wall for a new building.
70
Overflashing
The flashing which is built into the wall surface and sits over the upturned apron flashing.
71
Overhang (Roof)
The section of a roof extending over the external wall.
72
Overloading
Placing too heavy a load on a beam, column or floor.
73
Pane
Single piece of glass in a window or door.
74
Pier
A vertical member of a base structure.
75
Pilot Hole
A hole drilled to receive a nail or screw.
76
Plaster
Material of a mortar like consistency used for covering walls and ceilings of
buildings usually made of Portland cement mixed with sand and water.
77
Plasterboard
A rigid insulating board made of plastering material covered on both sides with heavy paper.
78
Plastering
Any calcareous compound, usually of gypsum plaster, Portland Cement or lime putty and sand, that has been applied to a surface in a plaster state and sets hard.
79
Parapet
A low wall to protect the edge of a roof, balcony or terrace. Many shops have a parapet at the front of the building for signage.
80
Particle Board
A flat floor sheeting of good dimensional stability made from wood flakes and synthetic resin / binder under heat and pressure. Can be produced with decorative elements for joinery work.
81
Pelmet
A built-in head to a window to conceal the curtain rod or to a sliding door to conceal the tracks. Usually made of wood.
82
Perp
A vertical joint in masonry construction.
83
Pitch Roof
The ratio of the height to span, usually measured in degrees.
84
Picture Rail
A wooden or plaster molding fixed to a wall at or above door height for
hanging pictures or for decorative purposes.
85
Plywood
Sheeting made from thin layers of veneer at right angles to each other and bonded together under heat and pressure. Can be used as flooring, wall sheeting, bracing and formwork.
86
Portal Frame
Joining the rafters of a roof and wall frame together by a rigid joint such as that providing by welding.
87
Prefabricated Construction, Prefabrication
The manufacture in a factory or whole or parts of building such as individual rooms, walls and roofs, in contrast with the conventional construction of a building piece on the site.
88
Retaining Wall
Any wall subjected to lateral pressure other than wind pressure and built to retain material.
89
Return
A term denoting that a feature has been continued at another angle.
90
Reveal
The thickness of wall from the wall face to the door or window frame. The remainder
of the thickness of wall is known as the ‘jamb’.
91
Ripping
Sawing timber in the direction of the grain.
92
Roof Pitch
The angle formed between a sloping roof surface and horizontal line.
93
Sanding
The smoothing down of visible timber or other surfaces with sandpaper.
94
Sash
The framework in a window into which the glass is fitted.
95
Scaffolding
A temporary structure specifically erected to support access platforms or working platforms.
96
Scissor Truss
A truss or strut with a sloping bottom chord to produce a raked ceiling at a cheaper cost than rafters.
97
Scotia
A concave molding.
98
Seasoning
The elimination of excess moisture from timber by air or kiln drying.
99
Shoring
The temporary or permanent support of an existing building, often due to demolition or of footing excavation to prevent collapse.
100
Skew Nailing
The driving of nails at an oblique angle often in different directions to improve the strength of a joint of fixing.
101
Soldier Course
A course of brickwork laid on its end.
102
Span
Face to face distance between points of support for loadbearing structural members.
103
Splice Joint
Joint used to extend timber in length.
104
Sprocket A framing timber used in eaves construction.
105
Template
A guide for forming work to be done.
106
Trench
In joinery, a groove. In drainage and plumbing, the excavation in which pipes are laid. In foundations, the excavation in which footings are placed.
107
Trestle
Steel or wood ladder structure used to support, planks to form a working platform.
108
Trimmer
A timber member fixed between joists or trusses to provide stiffening or to
support ceiling lining.
109
U Bolt
An iron bar bent into a U-shaped bolt with screw threads and nuts on each end.
110
Underpinning
The construction of new footings and walling under the footing of an existing structure which have failed or may fail.
111
Vapor Barrier
Impervious membrane providing a barrier against water vapor.
112
Wind Brace
A structural member, either a tie or a strut, used to resist lateral wind loads.
113
Wind Load
The estimated pressure of force exerted upon a structure by the wind, which must be provided for in the design of the structure.
114
Winders
Wedge-shaped treads in a staircase landing.
115
Z-Purlin
A metal purlin with a cross-section in the shape of the letter Z.
