Curry Chapter 5

Question 1

Aorta

Answer 1

main artery leaving the heart to supply body structures with nutrient and oxygen rich blood they require

Question 2

Appendicular skeleton

Answer 2

the ones of the skeleton that form the appendages; the framework for the arms and legs

Question 3

Arterioles

Answer 3

tiny branches of arteries

Question 4

arteries

Answer 4

thick-walled blood vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart

Question 5

atria

Answer 5

two upper chambers of the four-chamber heart

Question 6

atroventricular node

Answer 6

transfers the electrical impulse emitted by the sinoatrial node down to the ventricles to initiate their contraction.

Question 7

axial skeleton

Answer 7

the skull, spine, and ribs portion of the skeleton

Question 8

capillaries

Answer 8

thinnest and most numerous of the blood vessels providing a connection between arterioles and venules.

Question 9

central nervous system

Answer 9

consists of brain and spinal cord

Question 10

corpus luteum

Answer 10

cystic glandular mass formed from an empty ovarian follicle following ovulation. releases the hormones estrogen and progesterone.

Question 11

diaphragm

Answer 11

muscular partition separating the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Question 12

diastole

Answer 12

filling or relaxing phase of the heart

Question 13

erythropoietin

Answer 13

hormone released by the kidneys notifying the bone marrow to increase production of red blood cells when inadequate oxygen levels are detected in the blood

Question 14

gametes

Answer 14

sexual reproductive cells produced by the male and female gonads. male spermatozoa and female ova whose union is necessary to produce new life

Question 15

gonads

Answer 15

the male testes and female ovaries. primary reproductive organs that produce reproductive cells (male spermatozoa, and female ova), which are the basis of producing new life.

Question 16

homeostasis

Answer 16

the equilibrium of the body’s normal physiological condition

Question 17

hormones

Answer 17

chemical “messengers” that transfer instructions from one set of cells to another. manufactured and secreted into the bloodstream by various endocrine glands throughout the body.

Question 18

inferior vena cava

Answer 18

one of the two major veins transporting deoxygenated blood into the right atrium of the heart from structures of the body that lie below the level of the heart.

Question 19

joints

Answer 19

articulations. where bones of the skeleton are joined to one another. either immovable, slightly movable, or freely movable. also called articulations

Question 20

ligaments

Answer 20

long, elastic connection between the bones of freely movable joints

Question 21

lymph

Answer 21

interstitial fluid consisting of digested fats, water, protein, white blood cells, and tissue waste.

Question 22

lymph node

Answer 22

concentration of tissue containing white blood cells, primarily lymphocytes, that filter lymph of foreign material.

Question 23

lymphocyte

Answer 23

type of white blood cell, whose main function is to protect the body from disease-causing microorganisms.

Question 24

metabolism

Answer 24

the chemical reactions that occur in the body to maintain life.

Question 25

micturition

Answer 25

process by which the bladder expels urine through the urethra and discharges it from the body. commonly called urination

Question 26

myocardium

Answer 26

heart muscle

Question 27

ovarian follicle

Answer 27

encasement containing an immature ovum (egg cell)

Question 28

ovulation

Answer 28

discharge of a mature ovum from its ovarian follicle

Question 29

peristalsis

Answer 29

worm-like motion that moves contents through the alimentary tract

Question 30

peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Answer 30

composed of all the nerves and nerve cells outside of the CNS

Question 31

pleura

Answer 31

double-walled sac surrounding the lungs

Question 32

pulmonary circulation

Answer 32

transports blood form the heart to the lungs and back again

Question 33

renin

Answer 33

enzyme secreted by the kidneys to help control blood pressure

Question 34

sinoatrial (SA) node

Answer 34

hearts natural pacemaker. emits regular electrical impulses initiating contraction of the atria

Question 35

skeletal muscle

Answer 35

one of three muscle types int he body. the only voluntary muscle type in the body. gives form and stability to the skeleton and enables it to move

Question 36

superior vena cava

Answer 36

one of the two major veins transporting deoxygenated blood into the right atrium of the hear form structures of the body that lie above the level of the heart.

Question 37

systemic circulation

Answer 37

transports blood form the heart to all parts of the body (except the lungs) and back again

Question 38

systole

Answer 38

pumping or contracting phase of the heart

Question 39

tendons

Answer 39

band of tough, fibrous, flexible tissue that connect muscles to bones

Question 40

urine

Answer 40

filtered waste from the blood that passes through the kidneys. contains products such as ammonia, bilirubin, drugs, and toxins

Question 41

veins

Answer 41

thin-walled vessels that transport oxygen-depleted blood to the heart

Question 42

ventricles

Answer 42

two inferior chambers of the four-chamber heart

Question 43

venules

Answer 43

tiny branches of veins