Current use of antimicrobials and antibiotics

Question 1

Chlorhexadine is a ____ charged molecule that binds to the ____ charged sites on the cell wall; it destabilizes the cell wall & interferes with ____

Answer 1

Positively; negatively; osmosis

Question 2

Lower concentrations of chlorhexadine leads to:

Answer 2

increased permeability & leakage

Question 3

Higher concentrations of chlorhexadine leads to:

Answer 3

precipitation of cytoplasmic contents inducing microbial cells death

Question 4

List the three mechanisms of chlorhexadine:

Answer 4

1. high substantivity
2. adhere to soft & hard tissues then be released over time
3. slow release over 12 hours

Question 5

-bioresorbable polymer with 2.5 mg of chorhexadine
-inserted into pocket of greater than 5mm
-release takes 7 days
-dissolves on own
-significant improvement in CAL when used with SRP

Answer 5

Periochip (LAD)

Question 6

-10% doxycycline hyclate
-delivered subG with cannula
-controlled release over 21 days
-significant improvement of CAL when used with SRP

Answer 6

Doxycycline Hyclate gel

Question 7

-1mg minocycline hydropchloride in bioabsorbable microspheres
-bacteriostatic by inhibiting protein synthesis
-broad-spectrum
-significantly reduce RED complex bacteria in smokers
-greater improvement of PD & CAL regardless of smoking status

Answer 7

Microsphere (Arrestin)

Question 8

-Non-resorbable monolithic fiber (ethylene-vinyl acetate polymer)
-contains 25% tetracycline-HCL powder
-currently unavilable
-slow release over 10 days
-requires removal
-improves PD, BOP, and CAL when combined in SRP in 6 months

Answer 8

Tetracycline

Question 9

Diode laser:

Answer 9

SOFT tissue

Question 10

Laser used in nonsurgical sulcular debridement in period disease control:

Answer 10

Nd:YAG