Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SU24 CULTURE & SOCIETY 7313 > CULTURE & SOCIETY Week 1 > Flashcards

CULTURE & SOCIETY Week 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Name the 5 social sciences.

A

Anthropology
Sociology
Political Science
Psychology
Economics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name the 4 fields of anthropology.

A

Biological Anthropology
Archaeology
Linguistics
Cultural Anthropology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define Cultural Anthropology.

A

It describes, analyzes, and interprets social and cultural similarities and differences between humans.

Focuses on contemporary humans, meaning we can actually talk to our subjects.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name a unique feature of cultural anthropology.

A

It has more acknowledged subfields than any of its cousins, combined.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Applied Anthropology….

A

… is not the 5th field of Anthroplogy. It is a mode within the anthropology’s 4 subfields.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Theory of Historical Particularism.

A

Asserts, each culture is the product of its own history and thus each culture is unique.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Theory of Cultural Relativism.

A

‘Evaluate another culture on it’s own terms and by its standards, not ours’.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Theory of Ethnocentrism.

A

‘Judge another culture by our standards.’

DO NOT DO THIS.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Thoery of Functionalism.

A

‘Our beliefs and behaviors serve to maintain our society and culture.’

Actions → perpetuate culture → perpetuate actions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Theory of Holism.

A

‘Each culture is comprised on several interrelated parts and these parts must be understood to understand the culture.’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Theory of Cultural Constructivism.

A

“You can understanding cultures through the meanings and ideas that the people of that culture studied”

aka.
* Symbolic Anthropology
* Interpretive Anthropology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Theory of Postmodernism.

A

A theoretical approach in anthropology and sociology that:
‘Challenges the assertion that scientific methods, technological change, mass media, and urbanization are progress’.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Thoery of Biological Determinism.

A

‘Biology (genetics, race, etc.) has a significant influence on why people believe and behave as they do.’

A) NOT TRUE
B) Its the all in Nature argument. No nuance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Theory of Cultural Determinism.

A

Holds that culture significantly influences behavior.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define Culture.

A

The sum of learned and shared
beliefs and behaviors of a group.

Archeic below:
“That complex whole which includes knowledge, beliefs, arts, morals, laws, customs and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man [people] as a member of society.”
- Edward Tylor 1871

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Characteristics of Culture:

A
  • Adaptive (Assisitive to humans)
    *Is Learned
  • Is a system of symbols and meanings
  • Has many Integrated compnents
  • Interactive with other cultures
  • Explains differences between
  • Is essential for Human development
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

4 Major Agents of Cultural Change

A
  • Globalization
  • Diffusion
  • Acculturation
  • Invention
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Define Entomology.

A

The comaprative study of enthnographic data.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Define Ethnic Group.

A

A group of people who share the same culture and history (preferred over “tribe”)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Define Society.

A

A group of people in close proximity that have the same culture.

–
Note:
Society is proximity & similarity
Culture is just similarity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Define Subculture.

A

Learned and shared beliefs and behavior that overlap (keeps one foot in mainstream culture) with but depart significantly from mainstream culture; these emerge in nations for various sociological and historical reasons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Define Microculture.

A

Culture based on age, class, gender, neighborhood, region, etc.

23
Q

Define Tribe.

A

Pertains to a large group of people who possess an egalitarian and informal form of sociopolitical organization (problem: often incorrectly used to refer to non Western groups)

24
Q

Define Indigenous People.

A

Ethnic groups that have had a long term occupation of a
particular area of land (e.g., Native Americans, Australian Aborigines)

25
Q

Define Class.

A

A person’s economic position in society.

26
Q

Define Sex.

A

Biological characteristics of males and females.

27
Q

Define Gender.

A

Pertains to the cultural characteristics of males and females.

28
Q

Define Race.

A

A group of people who share similar physical and genetic traits (adaptations).

29
Q

Informed Consent

A

Obtaining written and signed permission to conduct research from the actual persons anthropologists study.

30
Q

Research clearance

A

Official permission from the government or other organization to conduct the research.

31
Q

What is an IRB

A

Institutional Review Board.

32
Q

The most important ethical concern for the anthropologist is…?

A

Don’t Harm.

Don’t Exploit.

33
Q

Define Anonymity

A

Not knowing the name of research participants.
Don’t know and can’t say.

34
Q

Define Confidentiality

A

Not mentioning the name of research participants.
Do know, won’t say.

35
Q

Pseudonyms

A

Using false names for places and people.
~~~
The use of the characteristic of a place or a person in place of their/its name.

36
Q

Define Ethnography.

A

The systematic description of a culture (i.e., a group of people) via. fieldwork.

37
Q

Define Fieldwork

A

The study of a culture in their natural settings.
Includes where they live, work and interact on a regular basis.

38
Q

Define Participant observation

A

Fieldwork where you live with the community or society that you are studying. You do what they do, you work where they work.

39
Q

Define Human Relations Area Files (HRAF)

A

A large ethnographic database made in the 1930 with 300+ cultures in it.
Criticized for decontextualizing a culture.

40
Q

Define the Hawthorne Effect

A

When a research participant’s awareness of being studied influences the data.
Aka: The Observer Effect

41
Q

Define Culture Shock

A

Feeling of loneliness or anxiety a researcher may feel when doing field work.

42
Q

What are Field Notes?

A

A researchers records of their observations.

43
Q

What are Interviews?

A

Formal and informal questions researchers pose to participants on a given topic to collect data.

44
Q

What are Questionnaires?

A

Surveys to collect data.

45
Q

What are Conversations?

A

An informal technique for collecting data.

46
Q

What are Key Cultural Consultants?

A

“Primary research participants”
Participants that provide the most complete and useful data.

47
Q

What are Research Assistants?

A

They help researchers in the field and in the lab.

48
Q

What is Rappot?

A

The positive working relationships between the researcher and the community of interest.

49
Q

Define Emic.

A

The point view of the participant. Qualitative data.
” The emic point of view”

50
Q

Define Etic

A

The point of view of the researcher. Quantitative data.
” The etic point of view”

51
Q

What is Collaborative Ethnography?

A

A close working relationship between participants and the researchers in pursuit of ethnographic data.

52
Q

Define Native Anthropologists

A

Anthropologist that studies their own people.

53
Q

Define Feminist Anthropology

A

Female focused Anthropology.

SU24 CULTURE & SOCIETY 7313 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions