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Sociology > Culture, Identity and Socialisation > Flashcards

Culture, Identity and Socialisation Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Culture?

A

The way of life of a society.

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2
Q

Beliefs?

A

Statements that people hold to be true.

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3
Q

Symbols?

A

Anything that carries a particular meaning for a group of people/ culture.

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4
Q

Language?

A

A system of symbols that make sounds and words allowing people to communicate with one another.

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5
Q

Norms?

A

Behaviour seen as normal in a culture or subculture.
. Mores: Norms that widely observed and carry a sense of right and wrong.
. Folkways: Norms for routine and casual interaction.

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6
Q

Customs?

A

Norms that are widely accepted and carry over a long time.

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7
Q

Values?

A

Standards used by a society to judge whether a behviour is right or wrong.

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8
Q

Social interaction?

A

Any situayion in which two or more people have social contact with one another.

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9
Q

Status?

A

A position that someone has in society. This can be ascribed or achieved.

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10
Q

Law?

A

Rules that are inforced through formals mean.

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11
Q

stereotypes?

A

the attributes that people think (often wrongly) characterise a group.

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12
Q

Role?

A

The pattern of behaviour expected of someone because of their status in society.

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13
Q

Social institutions?

A

Parts of society that have their own set of norms and values like family and schools.

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14
Q

Gender?

A

The roles or expectations associated with being male or female.

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15
Q

skip please

A

yes this

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15
Q

Interviewer bias?

A

The intentional or unintentional effect of the way an interviewer asks questions or interprets answers.

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16
Q

Value consensus

A

General agreement across a society on a set of values.

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17
Q

Sub-culture

A

A group within a larger culture that has it’s own distinctive norms and values.

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18
Q

Youth sub culture

A

A sub-culture of adolescents or young adults that is distinguishable by it’s style, dress and musical preference.

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19
Q

Informal social control

A

Ways of controlling behaviour imposed by people without the formal role to do so. (Like peers)

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20
Q

Peer groups

A

People of the same status like age.

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21
Q

Otracism

A

Excluding someone from a group or community.

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22
Q

Agencies of socialisation

A

Institutions in which people are socialized.

23
Q

Primary socialisation

A

The first and most important period of socialisation, in which an individual learns the basic norms of behaviour.

24
Q

Social order

A

The ways in which societies and their institutions remain stable over time.

25
Q

Peer pressure

A

The influence that peer groups have to force or persuade their members to conform.

26
Q

Coercion

A

The use or threat of violence or force.

27
Q

Formal social control.

A

Social control imposed by a person or an organisation (such as a teacher or a police officer) who has the authority to implement rules and laws.

28
Q

Childhood

A

A period before adulthood, in which individuals are not granted full adult rights.

29
Q

Adulthood

A

When an individual is accepted by their culture as full member.

30
Q

Masculinity

A

The expected behaviour associated with being male.

31
Q

Ethnic minority

A

An ethnic group that is relatively small in number compared to the majority in a society and is seen as different.

32
Q

Globalization

A

The complex process through which different cultures around the world have become increasingly aware of, interact with and influence once another.

33
Q

Global culture

A

The idea that globalisation’s result is or will be a single culture shared by people all around the world.

34
Q

Diversity.

A

Where there are many differences.
Cultural diversity: there are wide range of differences between human cultures.

35
Q

Life style

A

The typical way of life of an individual, group or culture.

36
Q

Cultural relativism

A

Looking at other cultures from their own terms rather than through a western P.O.V.

37
Q

Multicultural society

A

A society in which various cultures and subcultures exist along side one another.

38
Q

Ethnicity

A

Cultural differences such as language, religion and place of origin.

39
Q

Race

A

Supposedly biological differences between groups of people.

40
Q

Social construction.

A

The idea the social events and situations are made by society and don’t exist in the nature as independent things.

41
Q

Age group

A

People of the same or similar age sharing status and associated roles.

42
Q

Elderly

A

People advanced in years.

43
Q

Imitation.

A

Young children copying other people’s behaviour to learn.

44
Q

Sex

A

(Based on biological indicators) Being male or female.

45
Q

Role modelling

A

Acting as an example so that others copy your behaviour.

46
Q

Canalisation

A

Channeling children towards activities considered appropriate for them. For example based on their gender.

47
Q

Manipulation

A

Parents or others encouraging some behaviour and discouraging other behaviour.

48
Q

Feral children

A

Children that haven’t received proper socialisation and are thus wild.

49
Q

Inadequate socialisation

A

Socialisation that is incomplete or ineffective.

50
Q

Feminity

A

The roles and expectations associated with being female.

51
Q

Role Conflict

A

When social expectations for two or more roles clash with one another.

52
Q

Adolescence

A

The period between childhood and adulthood.

53
Q

Nature

A

The influence of biological factors on human behaviour in the nature/ nuture debate.

54
Q

Nuture

A

The influence of society and culture on human behaviour in the nature/nuture debate.

Sociology (4 decks)

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