Culture And Socialization

Question 1

Culture

Answer 1

The shared symbols and their definitions that people create to solve real-life problems.

Question 2

Ethnocentrism

Answer 2

The tendency for a person to judge other cultures exclusively by the standards of their own culture.

Question 3

Cultural capital

Answer 3

• originated from Pierre Bourdieau (conflict theorist)

The knowledge, skills, and cultural resources needed to acquire legitimacy within cultural contexts; how people can get ahead

Question 4

Socialization

Answer 4

The lifelong social learning a person undergoes to become a capable member of society, through social interaction with others, and in response to social pressures.

Question 5

Key agents of socialization

Answer 5

• Families
• Schools
• Peers
• Media

Question 6

Functionalists view of agents of socialization

Answer 6

They emphasize how socialization helps to maintain orderly social relations

Question 7

Indigenous/Decolonial view of agents of socialization

Answer 7

Explains how socialization has been key to settler colonialism and to dispossession of land

Question 8

Conflict and Feminist theory view of agents of socialization

Answer 8

Typically stress the discord based on class, gender, and social cleavages

Question 9

Symbolic interactionalist theory view of agents of socialization

Answer 9

Highlight the creativity of individuals in attaching meaning to their social surroundings

Question 10

Primary socialization

Answer 10

The process of mastering the basic skills required to function in society during childhood

Question 11

Secondary socialization

Answer 11

Socialization outside the family after childhood

Question 12

Conflict theory perspective on school

Answer 12

Schools reproduce social inequality by imparting to students the norms, values, and beliefs of those in power

Question 13

Anticipatory socialization

Answer 13

Learning that helps a person achieve a desired position

Question 14

Cultural literacy

Answer 14

A solid knowledge of popular or mainstream culture, which contains the building blocks of all communication and learning

Question 15

Social capital

Answer 15

The networks of relations among people who live and work in the community

Question 16

Looking glass self

Answer 16

The feedback from others is integrated back into our concept of ourselves and then influences our future interactions

Question 17

Impression management

Answer 17

Our social behaviour attempts to control what others think about us

Question 18

Reading: Pascoe, multiple masculinities

Answer 18

Pascoe examines how masculinity works in relation to peer group socialization in high school from, broadly, a feminist perspective

• through interviews with boys from different social groups, it is found that masculinity is subject to various interpretations to fit their identities
• the study challenges the simplistic categorization of masculinities, highlighting how boys engage with gender norms to maintain a sense of masculine identity within the complex social hierarchy of high school