Culture And Identity Flashcards
Functionalist views on culture
society existed before the individual. Cultural acts as a glue for society and maintains social order
What was Durkheim approach on culture
Value consensus and anomie. Anomie occurs when societies consensus has been lost N+V are gone
Functionalist views on socialisation
Process where we learn norms and values and therefore how value consensus is reached
What did Parsons believe about socialisation
There is primary and secondary socialisation.
Primary = the family and parents are responsible for theirs child’s socialisation.
Secondary= education and religon.
What is parsons education bridge
Particularistic values from the family are taught then universalistic values are taught through secondary like education
What did Merton believe about socialisation
Anticipatory socialisation- where people are socialised by other factors such as individuals or groups.
Functionalist ideas on the self
Social institutions allocate people’s social roles based on principles. David and Moore’s role allocation. People work hard to get higher rewards
What is the Marxist idea on culture
The ruling class have used their wealth to gain power over culture. Marx noted that they used this power to gain control over the means of production and material
What did Gramsci argue
Dual consciousness- the working class know that they are living in a society that exploits them. However they have been socialised to accept this. They know that they receive unfair treatment
What did Bourdieu argue
That there is habitus and cultural capital.
Habitus- culture and behaviour that belongs to a certain group.
Cultural capital- having skills and knowledge which tends to benefit the middle and upper classes
What did Marcuse argue
Dumb down culture. The media often portrays the working class as dumb
Marxist views on socialisation
They believe that values and norms are taught through a process but the values they are taught in a bias manner. It benefits the ruling class
What did Althusser argue
Came up with the ideological state apparatus. Institutions such as education the family, media and more are all under capitalist influence. They pass on this to the masses.
What else did Althusser come up with?
The hidden curriculum- rulling class ideology is taught not directly but indirectly which later prepares students for society. Links to the concept of society in miniature
What was Paul Willis study
Studies Working class lads and how they were able to reject capitalist socialisation. They formed their own sub culture and rejected the values.
