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Sociology > Culture and Identity > Flashcards

Culture and Identity Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is culture?

A

The language, beliefs
Values- right and wrong
Norms- what’s seen as normal

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2
Q

Folk culture

A

PRE INDUSTRIAL

Redfield - supported community’s, local , urban cities not present

Frankfurt school - reduces community In urban cities ( selfish individualistic )

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3
Q

High culture

A

RICH
‘Difficult to appreciate ‘
‘Good for society’

Bourdieu - status comes when cultural knowledge is obtained

Marxists - ruling class, caps

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4
Q

Low culture

A

DOESN’T EXISTS
Mass culture .

Cultural dope - people passive, no control

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5
Q

Global culture

A

Giddiens - globalisation

Sklair - media more powerful than nations

Klein - less cultural diversity (homogeneity )

But it’s a two way process

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6
Q

Global culture - Marxist

A

Adorno - must have products, commodity fetishism

Frankfurt school - mass culture creates , passive working class, cap ideology , dull mind set

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7
Q

Global culture - noe-Marxist

A

To simplistic to be a single culture -

Cap have dominant culture ( hegemony), that tolerants other cultures

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8
Q

Global culture - functionalist

A

durkheim - social glue , same Norma’s and values “ a collective conscious of society “

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9
Q

Global culture - postmodernist

A

Culture is DIVERSE
They reject the idea culture helps unify people

Hall - fragmented identity ( taken from different cultures )

Stranti - effect by other factors (class, ethnicity)

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10
Q

Global culture - interactionalist

A

Individual opinion

Goffman the unspoken rules in society

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11
Q

Global culture -Feminism

A

They link what Marxist say but to the patriarchy

Pop culture stems into gender roles

mcrobbie - magazines promoted fem roles (outdated now)

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12
Q

Social roles -

A

Primary socialisation - family, young age
Secondary socialisation - school, work, later life

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13
Q

Secondary socialisation

A

Education-
func ,promotes census, helps fit in
Marx , bowles : hidden curriculum

Peer group- Influences

Religion - provides

Media - shapes

Workspace - learning

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14
Q

What’s status or a role

A

The behaviour and actions of people

Can be prescribed or achieved

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15
Q

The social constructs

A

Class, sexuality, gender , disability , nationality , ethnicity, age

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16
Q

Theories on secondary socialisation - func

A

Durkheim - constraints on peoples behaviour

Social control, consensus

parson - “personality factor” influenced by family , copy same sex family member to feel like they fit in

Conformity

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17
Q

Theories on secondary socialisation - Marx

A

Socialise the working class

Agree with func on conformity, but to oppress working class, and learn authority is normal

Religion - distracts social inferiority

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18
Q

Theories on secondary socialisation - fem

A

Pass on patriarchy ideas
oakley - family socialise children t
Into gender roles

lib fem - argue change on the way children are raised

rad fem - argue revolutionary changes to combat patriarchy

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19
Q

Theories on secondary socialisation - inter

A

Two way process

mead - develop sense of self through play, agreed with func, but thought accepting attitudes of others could only be taken so far

Other factors ( your background)

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20
Q

Theories on secondary socialisation - Post

A

Personal choice, people can resist

Lyotard - choose what to believe
And there’s so single truth

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21
Q

Identities definition-

A

Way you see yourself and how others see you
Things you do

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22
Q

What do Marx think identities are formed

A

Class position
Consumption
Norms and values that are maintained

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23
Q

Identities - functionalist

A

Social institutions- talents
merton - manifest functions ( intended outcomes) lantern functions ( unintended outcomes)

24
Q

Identities - fem

A

Patriarchal structure
Follow gender stereotypes, to make identity

25
Q

Identities - post

A

Draw on different cultures
Consumption
Critics - what if no money?

26
Q

Identities - theories

A

goffman - front and back stage

cooley - looking glasss self

labels - stigmatised becker you become your labels

27
Q

Class identities -

A

Upper
Middle
Working
Under

28
Q

Class identities - effects

A

Different class= different values
Middle encouraged to plan for future
Work encouraged to live in moment
Certain values keep people poor

29
Q

Class identities - negatively

A

Upper greedy,
Pity to working class

30
Q

Class identities - cultural cap

A

bourdieu - how to fit in a class
Economic - money
Social- friends
Cultural - knowledge

31
Q

Class identities - importance

A

** new rights ** - divisions have lessons
marshall working traditional class lessons
bradley - other factors

32
Q

What’s gender?

A

Not about biological, about how you present a girl and boy

33
Q

Gender in primary socialisation

A

FAMILY
- Oakley -
manipulation.. encourage normal behaviour
Canalisation.. Chanel interest in a direction
Verbal appellation.. language, to define what’s appropriate
Different activities.. different jobs in the house

34
Q

Gender secondary socialisation

A

SCHOOL
- treated differently , assumption made
-subject choice

MEDIA
-films
-Mcrobbie magazine reinforce conventional fem

35
Q

Gender, employment

A

Opportunities and experience different
Hard to reach top levels of traditionally ‘male’ professions

36
Q

Gender, the change in feminine

A

More girls want to work 1970 more motherhood, 1990 work ambitions

37
Q

Ethnic identity’s

A

Biological features, culture and socialisation

Change by generation

38
Q

Ethnic identities - primary socialised

A

Rose Mary - family important
roger Ballard - children act different depending on environment

39
Q

Ethnic identities - secondary socialisation

A

Gillborn - labelled a problem by teachers

Young African influenced by pop culture

40
Q

Ethnic identities- response to racism

A

No point in blending in, hold onto ethnic identity

41
Q

Ethnic identities- new ones emerging

A

Stuart hall - varied, different kinds
.hybrid
. Changing less strong ethnic groups
. Dynamic

42
Q

National identities

A

Feeling of belonging to a country
Durkheim - very important

Can *exclude hybrid * identities

43
Q

National identities- products of socialisation

A

Schudson - socialised into a national culture

Hidden curriculum

hall - history talked about

44
Q

National identities - traditional national identities on decline

A

Big businesses
Mainstream
Britain is multi-ethnic

45
Q

National identities - new identities

A

New identity formed

New multicultural identity
New rascist

46
Q

Sexuality identity’s - what does society do to these?

A

Try’s to control them
Time, society changes whats acceptable

47
Q

Sexuality and identity- who wants to control it?

A

Religion- Passed on ** ideology **

Functionalist - control for stable family

New rights - moral decline, threatens ** order**

48
Q

Sexuality and identity- media’s influence

A

No gay representation
Aids , prejudice
More on it now

49
Q

Sexuality and identity - represented in law

A

Used to illegal for gays to give consent. Age is now 21

Can’t promote homosexuality in school

Equality, illegal to **discriminate **

50
Q

Age - how does it vary

A

Over time
Children different from adults
Law divided
braddely other factors

51
Q

Age- media and its stereotypes

A

Influence social attitudes
Ageist products
*Biggs * - in tv programs older people controlling or forceful
Children innocent

52
Q

Age - Marxist opinion

A

capitalist influence age

Working age

Phillipson - being old is a burden as it is stigmatised

53
Q

age - the life expectancy

A

Giddens - effects on family, children know there grandparents

**postmodernist ** - the ability to mask age through surgery, magazines portraying youthful age

54
Q

Disability- the difference between non-disabled

A

Their in a category
Stigmatised
The ability to access the same stuff

55
Q

Disability- the prejudice

A

Weaker, dependent
Scott blind people needing sighted people

Everyone’s relent on a person ** at least once**

56
Q

Disability - its representation

A

Roles in tv or for comedy or pity

Reinterpret, can only create negative perception as there ideas are already formed

Sociology (2 decks)

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