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Sociology > Culture and Identity > Flashcards

Culture and Identity Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

What is culture?

A

The language, beliefs
Values- right and wrong
Norms- what’s seen as normal

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2
Q

Folk culture

A

PRE INDUSTRIAL

Redfield - supported community’s, local , urban cities not present

Frankfurt school - reduces community In urban cities ( selfish individualistic )

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3
Q

High culture

A

RICH
‘Difficult to appreciate ‘
‘Good for society’

Bourdieu - status comes when cultural knowledge is obtained

Marxists - ruling class, caps

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4
Q

Low culture

A

DOESN’T EXISTS
Mass culture .

Cultural dope - people passive, no control

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5
Q

Global culture

A

Giddiens - globalisation

Sklair - media more powerful than nations

Klein - less cultural diversity (homogeneity )

But it’s a two way process

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6
Q

Global culture - Marxist

A

Adorno - must have products, commodity fetishism

Frankfurt school - mass culture creates , passive working class, cap ideology , dull mind set

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7
Q

Global culture - noe-Marxist

A

To simplistic to be a single culture -

Cap have dominant culture ( hegemony), that tolerants other cultures

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8
Q

Global culture - functionalist

A

durkheim - social glue , same Norma’s and values “ a collective conscious of society “

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9
Q

Global culture - postmodernist

A

Culture is DIVERSE
They reject the idea culture helps unify people

Hall - fragmented identity ( taken from different cultures )

Stranti - effect by other factors (class, ethnicity)

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10
Q

Global culture - interactionalist

A

Individual opinion

Goffman the unspoken rules in society

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11
Q

Global culture -Feminism

A

They link what Marxist say but to the patriarchy

Pop culture stems into gender roles

mcrobbie - magazines promoted fem roles (outdated now)

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12
Q

Social roles -

A

Primary socialisation - family, young age
Secondary socialisation - school, work, later life

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13
Q

Secondary socialisation

A

Education-
func ,promotes census, helps fit in
Marx , bowles : hidden curriculum

Peer group- Influences

Religion - provides

Media - shapes

Workspace - learning

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14
Q

What’s status or a role

A

The behaviour and actions of people

Can be prescribed or achieved

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15
Q

The social constructs

A

Class, sexuality, gender , disability , nationality , ethnicity, age

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16
Q

Theories on secondary socialisation - func

A

Durkheim - constraints on peoples behaviour

Social control, consensus

parson - “personality factor” influenced by family , copy same sex family member to feel like they fit in

Conformity

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17
Q

Theories on secondary socialisation - Marx

A

Socialise the working class

Agree with func on conformity, but to oppress working class, and learn authority is normal

Religion - distracts social inferiority

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18
Q

Theories on secondary socialisation - fem

A

Pass on patriarchy ideas
oakley - family socialise children t
Into gender roles

lib fem - argue change on the way children are raised

rad fem - argue revolutionary changes to combat patriarchy

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19
Q

Theories on secondary socialisation - inter

A

Two way process

mead - develop sense of self through play, agreed with func, but thought accepting attitudes of others could only be taken so far

Other factors ( your background)

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20
Q

Theories on secondary socialisation - Post

A

Personal choice, people can resist

Lyotard - choose what to believe
And there’s so single truth

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21
Q

Identities definition-

A

Way you see yourself and how others see you
Things you do

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22
Q

What do Marx think identities are formed

A

Class position
Consumption
Norms and values that are maintained

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23
Q

Identities - functionalist

Study These Flashcards
A

Social institutions- talents
merton - manifest functions ( intended outcomes) lantern functions ( unintended outcomes)

24
Q

Identities - fem

Study These Flashcards
A

Patriarchal structure
Follow gender stereotypes, to make identity

25
Identities - post
Draw on different cultures Consumption Critics - what if no money?
26
Identities - theories
*goffman* - front and back stage *cooley* - looking glasss self **labels** - stigmatised *becker* you become your labels
27
Class identities -
Upper Middle Working Under
28
Class identities - effects
Different class= different values Middle encouraged to plan for future Work encouraged to live in moment Certain values keep people poor
29
Class identities - negatively
Upper greedy, Pity to working class
30
Class identities - cultural cap
***bourdieu*** - how to fit in a class Economic - money Social- friends Cultural - knowledge
31
Class identities - importance
** new rights ** - divisions have lessons *marshall* working traditional class lessons *bradley* - other factors
32
What’s gender?
Not about biological, about how you present a girl and boy
33
Gender in primary socialisation
FAMILY - Oakley - manipulation.. encourage normal behaviour Canalisation.. Chanel interest in a direction Verbal appellation.. language, to define what’s appropriate Different activities.. different jobs in the house
34
Gender secondary socialisation
SCHOOL - treated differently , assumption made -subject choice MEDIA -films -*Mcrobbie* magazine reinforce conventional fem
35
Gender, employment
Opportunities and experience different Hard to reach top levels of traditionally ‘male’ professions
36
Gender, the change in feminine
More girls want to work 1970 more motherhood, 1990 work ambitions
37
Ethnic identity’s
Biological features, culture and socialisation Change by generation
38
Ethnic identities - primary socialised
**Rose Mary** - family important **roger Ballard** - children act different depending on environment
39
Ethnic identities - secondary socialisation
**Gillborn** - labelled a problem by teachers Young African influenced by pop culture
40
Ethnic identities- response to racism
No point in blending in, hold onto ethnic identity
41
Ethnic identities- new ones emerging
**Stuart hall** - varied, different kinds .hybrid . Changing less strong ethnic groups . Dynamic
42
National identities
Feeling of belonging to a country Durkheim - very important Can *exclude hybrid * identities
43
National identities- products of socialisation
**Schudson** - socialised into a national culture Hidden curriculum **hall** - history talked about
44
National identities - traditional national identities on decline
Big businesses Mainstream Britain is *multi-ethnic*
45
National identities - new identities
New identity formed New multicultural identity New rascist
46
Sexuality identity’s - what does society do to these?
Try’s to control them Time, society changes whats acceptable
47
Sexuality and identity- who wants to control it?
Religion- Passed on ** ideology ** Functionalist - control for **stable family** New rights - moral decline, threatens ** order**
48
Sexuality and identity- media’s influence
No gay representation Aids , **prejudice** More on it now
49
Sexuality and identity - represented in law
Used to **illegal** for gays to give consent. Age is now 21 Can’t promote homosexuality in school Equality, illegal to **discriminate **
50
Age - how does it vary
Over **time** Children different from adults Law divided *braddely* other factors
51
Age- media and its stereotypes
Influence social attitudes Ageist products *Biggs * - in tv programs older people controlling or forceful Children innocent
52
Age - Marxist opinion
**capitalist** influence age Working age *Phillipson* - being old is a burden as it is stigmatised
53
age - the life expectancy
*Giddens* - effects on family, children know there grandparents **postmodernist ** - the ability to mask age through surgery, magazines portraying youthful age
54
Disability- the difference between non-disabled
Their in a **category** Stigmatised The ability to access the same stuff
55
Disability- the prejudice
Weaker, dependent *Scott* blind people needing sighted people Everyone’s relent on a person ** at least once**
56
Disability - its representation
Roles in tv or for comedy or pity Reinterpret, can only create negative perception as there ideas are already formed

Sociology (2 decks)

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