Culture And Gender

Question 1

Sherif

Answer 1

• only used males so doesn’t apply to females
• interpret findings with individuals outlook so may be ethnocentric
• Carried out in America so only representative of Americans
• After only using males he generalises to everyone causing beta bias

Question 2

Baddeley

Answer 2

• Not much gender bias in procedure
• Sample was ethnocentric
• Theories of memory = universal so not much bias
• word lists may be influenced by language

Question 3

Raine

Answer 3

• Biological things not effected by culture
• Amygdala levels may vary between genders due to testosterone levels
• All pots were from US = ethnocentric
• Gender bias, but men are more likely to be NGRI

Question 4

Watson & Rayner

Answer 4

• Only uses a male sample therefore how we develop phobic responses may not apply to females
• Only from US, Phobic response development can’t apply to other cultures
• CC works with animals so it should be fairly universal

Question 5

Social

Answer 5

• Milgrim only uses males so andocentric
• Milgrim only uses US so ethnocentric
• Different cultures e.g collectivist culture, have different levels of obedience
• identity theory may apply more in collectivist culture

Question 6

Cognitive

Answer 6

• Theories of memory = universal so not effected too much by culture and gender
• semantic and episodic memories may be influenced by culture and gender
• Hm shows hippocampus makes new LTM so no culture and gender difference

Question 7

Biological

Answer 7

• Biological things not effected too much by culture
• Brain activity should not be effected as it’s biologically based
• Hormones differ between genders
• Brendegen = ethnocentric as focuses on us

Question 8

Learning

Answer 8

• CC works with animals so fairly universal across gender and culture
• Gender and culture groups may be influenced differently by different types of reinforcers
• Male model shown to be more influential than female (more so on other males)