Culture Flashcards

1
Q

cultural knowledge

A

information, skills, attitudes, conceptions, beliefs, values, and other mental components of culture that people socially learn durng enculturation

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2
Q

patterns of behavior

A

within a single culture, the behavior most people perform when they are in certain culturally defined situations

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3
Q

cultural integration

A

the interrelationships among the various components (elements, subsystems) of a cultural system

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4
Q

culture

A

the socially learned knowledge and patterns of behavior shared by some groups of people

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5
Q

Cultural identity

A

the cultural tradition a group of people recognize as their own; the shared customs and beliefs that define how a group sees itself as distinctive

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6
Q

subculture

A

cultural differences characteristic of members of various ehtnic groups, religions, ad so forth within a single society or country

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7
Q

socialization

A

the process of social learning of culture by children (similar to enculturation)

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8
Q

enculturation

A

the transmission (by social learning) of cultural knowledge to the next generation (similar to socializtion)

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9
Q

role

A

rights and duties that individuals recieve because of their personal identity or membership in a social group

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10
Q

Material culture

A

Artifacts and other physical, visible manifestations of culture, including art, architectural features, tools consumer goods, clothing, and writing

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11
Q

norms

A

shared ideals and/or expectations about how certain people ought to act in given situations

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12
Q

values

A

shared ideas or standards about the worthwhile-ness of goals and lifestyles

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13
Q

symbols

A

objects, behaviors, sound combinations, and other phenomena wwhose culturally defined meanings have no necessary relationship to their inherent physical qualities

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14
Q

Classifications (or cultural constructions) of reality

A

ways in which the members of a culture divide up the natural and social world into categories, usually linguistically encoded

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15
Q

worldview

A

the way people interpret reality and events, including how the see themselves relating to the world around them

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16
Q

cultural determinism

A

the notion that the beliefs and behaviors of individuals are largely programmed by their culture

17
Q

biological determinism

A

the idea that biologically inherited differrences between populations are mportant influences on the cultural difference between them

18
Q

cultural universals

A

elements of culture that exist in all known human groups or societies