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Sociology Year 1 > Culture > Flashcards

Culture Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Culture

What is culture?

A

enitre way of life of a particular society. considering behaviour and belief

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2
Q

Culture

What are values?

A

societal standards.
eg british values are tolerance, democracy, respect etc

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3
Q

Culture

What are norms?

A

Expected patterns of behaviour based on values

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4
Q

Culture

What is cultural diversity?

A

The variety and difference within society and cultures within.

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5
Q

Culture

What is intercultural diversity?

A

Diversity between cultures

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6
Q

Culture

What is intracultural diversity?

A

Diversity within a culture

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7
Q

Culture

What is a monoculture?

A

When society has a singular culture

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8
Q

Culture

What is cultural hybridity?

A

A cross or merge or two or more cultures

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9
Q

Culture

What is multiculturalism?

A

several cultures. The UK is multicultural as it is home to so many cultures

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10
Q

Multiculturalism

What are the terms to describe multiculturalism?

A
  • melting pot
  • salad bowl
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11
Q

Multiculturalism

What is a melting pot?

A

Immigrant cultures merging into a blend

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12
Q

Multiculturalism

What is a salad bowl?

A

cultures have distinctive ways of staying seperate however some may need help from becoming opressed or inferior

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13
Q

High culture

What is high culture?

A
  • Products or activities seen to have high status
  • exlusive for people who are educated
  • privileged
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14
Q

Low Culture

What is low culture?

A
  • Refers to people as inferior
  • does not require eductaion to participate so is accessible
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15
Q

Cultural Capital

Who came up with the term cultural capital?

A

Pierre Bordieu 1984

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16
Q

Cultural capital

What is cultural capital?

A

The knowledge of culture aqquired through upbringing

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17
Q

Cultural Capital

What is Bordiues ‘habitus’?

A

Norms,values and attitudes of social groups

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18
Q

Cultural capital

What does Bordieu argue about the ruling class?

A

The ruling class decides waht is high culture to purposefully exclude workign class

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19
Q

Popular culture

What is popular culture?

A

-products or activities enjoyed by the majority of people
- accessible to all
- some argue it is manufactured to brainwash the masses

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20
Q

Popular culture

What are the 2 sociological arguments for pop culture?

A
  1. used by elites to control those below them, making people dull and passive
  2. vehicle for rebellion against culture of dominant groups
21
Q

Popular culture

Who was an important popular culture theorist?

A

Storey

22
Q

Popular culture

What did Storey theorise?

A
  • pop culture is formulaic and manipulative
  • ## by bombariding society with something it will find a place in popular culture
23
Q

Popular + mass culture

How are mass and pop culture linked?

A

Pop culture is a result of mass media as we chose what becomes popular from mass culture

24
Q

Mass culture

What is mass culture?

A

Widely spread culture through mass media that is broadcast to individuals

25
Q

Mass culture

What did Theodore Adarno theorise?

A

What is popular is not judged by taste but instead its forced by industries

26
Q

Mass Culture

What is Marx theory of Alienation?

A
  • The proletariat (working class) had no control over their lives so became alientatied to society with no freedom.
  • culture is dictated from bourgeoisie
27
Q

Consumer culture

What is consumer culture?

A

Form of capitalism focusing on selling goods and spending of consumer money

28
Q

Consumer culture

What are the key features of consumer culture?

A
  • availability of wide range of goods
  • shopping is for leisure
  • debt is accepted as a norm
29
Q

Consumer culture

What did Celia Lury theorise?

A

Consumer culture has become stylized and is important for everyday creativity

30
Q

Global culture

What is global culture?

A

Trends, products and activities becoming universal making for a more diverse world

31
Q

Global culture

What does homogenous mean?

A

When cultures mix together

32
Q

Global culture

Why is netflix a good example of global culture?

A
  • 238+ million subscribers worldwide
  • streams a variety of cultures
  • created a media empire mostly surrounding American culture
33
Q

Global Culture

Who created the theory of the global villiage?

A

McLuhan 1964

34
Q

Global culture

What is a global villiage?

A
  • world becomng smaller as we are driven by multinational companies
  • stipping us of individuality
35
Q

Global culture

What was the runaway world theory?

A

Giddens- interdependence affects everyday lives and local cultures are becoming too exposed so traditions get questioned

36
Q

Folk culture

What is folk culture?

A

Everyday practises of locals rooted in long standing tradtitions transmitted from generation to generation

37
Q

Folk Culture

Example of folk culture?

A

Morris dancing - English folk dancing

38
Q

Folk culture

Who practises folk culture?

A

usually small groups living in isolated rural areas. oftern anonymously made and passed through generations

39
Q

Folk Culture

What is diffusion

A

Electronic communication and migration has caused cultures to spread and blend making hybrids

40
Q

Subcultures

What is a subculture?

A

people who share norms and values that are diverging from mainstream culture- a culture within a culture

41
Q

Subcultures

What are subcultures formed around?

A
  • hobbies
  • religion
  • politics
  • moral concern
42
Q

Subcultures

What are youth subcultures based on?

A

usually material things like clothes or music

43
Q

Subcultures

What is Apathy in link to subculures?

A

lack of interest and boredom with mainstream culture causes subcultures

44
Q

Subcultures

What is anger in link to subculures?

A

Anger with the direction society is heading

45
Q

Subcultures

What is annoyance in link to subculures?

A

Mainstream is annoying and subcultures are an escape from societal perceptions

46
Q

Subcutlures

How do people react to subcultures?

A

Some beleive they are positive for diversity and some worry they can isolate people from norms

47
Q

Subcultures

What are school subcultures?

A

groups of students who share values,norms and behaviours which give them a sense of identity and peer affirmation

48
Q

Subcultures

What was Laceys theory 1970?

A

-middle class grammar school
differentiation causes for a division between students leading to polarisation
- eg sets in school

Sociology Year 1 (11 decks)

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