culture

Question 1

Culture

what does it refer to? (7)- what do they create?

Answer 1

Refers to language, beliefs, norms, values, customs, roles, knowledge and skills which combine to create a society’s way of life.
Culture is transmitted through socialisation from one generation to the next
culture is socially constructed

Question 2

High culture

Answer 2

Culture of the elite or upper class
operate social closure so that people who do not occupy privileged positions can not gain access
Examples
opera
theatre
polo matches
invite only exclusive events

Question 3

Popular culture

Answer 3

Cultural products and activities enjoyed by the majority- culture of the masses
The media plays an important role in popular culture in the UK as it tells us what to consume and how to behave it provides mass access to things such as music, films and sports which form the basis of popular culture

Question 4

Global culture
how is it created?
concepts?

Answer 4

Cultures which have emerged due to globalisation the process in which the world has become interconnected socially, politically and economically
Global culture gives the idea that the world is becoming a smaller place (global village) where cultural hegemony is a key feature
National cultures losing their distinctiveness. Some argue that globalisation is just the spread of American culture Americanisation/MacDonaldisation

Question 5

Consumer culture

Answer 5

A culture where the consumption of goods and services is the norm
The media influences what products we buy to portray our identities
The UK and Western societies have growing consumer cultures
Examples- Saunders: conspicuous consumption and the media targeting middle age as they have the highest disposable income and define their identity through ownership
Different forms to shopping are now available e.g. online and large shopping centres

Question 6

Cultural diversity

Answer 6

Diversity refers to variety or difference
Cultural diversity relates to the differences and variety found in societies
The UK is culturally diverse due to the coexistence of a variety of norms and values in UK culture (intracultural diversity)
Areas in the UK which reflect cultural diversity- Chinatown in London Chinese food shops and bakeries, as well as shops selling Asian cosmetics and Chinese-inspired trinkets and gifts.
In South Hampton there is a growing population of polish people- estimated 20,00

Question 7

Multiculturalism

Answer 7

Refers to different cultures living equally in society
The UK is a multicultural society as 8.9% of the population have come from ethnic minority backgrounds
Aspects of British culture that can be seen as multicultural
consumer culture
popular culture

Question 8

Cultural hybridity

Answer 8

Refers to the mixing of cultures
UK culture can be seen as a hybrid as it contains aspects of English, Scottish, Welsh and Irish culture as well as influences from Asin and Caribean cultures etc
Where can cultural hybridity be found?
music
fashion
food
Cultural hybridity in the UK is linked to second or third generation immigrants who adopt hybrid identities by mixing their parents’ culture with British culture
Examples- Brasians (British and Asian culture)

Question 9

Subculture

Answer 9

A culture within a culture
A grouping of people who share distinctive norms and values within a wider culture
Within UK culture there are subcultures based on age e.g. youth subcultures likes punks or emos, ethnicity, fashion etc
All of these groups are a part of the wider UK culture but are also a part of distinctive subcultures- links to cultural diversity