Culture Flashcards
What is culture
- Shared behaviours and beliefs of a group of people that includes material and non-material elements.
- Comprised of language, beliefs, norms and values, customs, dress, diet, roles, knowledge, and skills
- Passed between generations via socialisation and acts as the link between individuals and society
examples include POPULAR, HIGH, GLOBAL, CONSUMER
What are norms
- Appropriate behaviour that follow general unspoken guidelines which define what is acceptable
- Relative to context, culture, and time
examples are SITTING IN ASSIGNED SEAT IN SCHOOL and SHAKING HANDS
- stem from values - forming queues when waiting for something extends from value of empathy and respecting people’s times
What are values
- Standard for discerning between right or wrong based on what is important in society
- Deeply embedded and critical for transmitting and teaching a culture’s beliefs
- Relative to context, culture, and time
examples are GIVING 2.5% OF YEARLY INCOME TO CHARITY AS PART OF ISLAM
can be linked to institution or universal ->(MORAL VALUE OF HUMAN LIFE)
What are subcultures
- Opposes dominant culture (main culture a society generally accepts)
- A smaller group within the dominant culture that has different norms and values to it
- culture within a culture
- Emerge through experience of socialisation of different groups that oppose dominant culture
examples are GANGS and SKATERS
What is high culture
- Associated with privileged intellectual elite, wealthy and educated upper/upper-middle classes
- Contrasts with popular culture
2 examples are OPERA and PRIVATE EDUCATION
What is popular culture
- Associated with vast majority of ordinary people/lower social classes
- Contrasts with high culture
2 examples are HIGHLY MANUFACTURED REALITY TV and LEISURE ACTIVITIES
X factor, shopping/social media
What is global culture
a collection of specific norms and values, which cross national boundarie
examples are POP MUSIC, and HOLLYWOOD MOVIES and FAST FOOD CHAINS
What is consumer culture
Culture that encourages people to buy never ending ranges of products
easily purchase out of season foods as supermarkets stock produce from all the corners of the world
examples are BIG CORPORATIONS
Starbucks, GAP, Apple, IKEA, and Lego
What is cultural diversity
- Differences within and/or between societies
- Aspects of cultural diversity related to eating, greeting, clothing,
food, living arrangements - Types of diversity within one culture (intra-cultural diversity)
ethnic diversity; (Brasian in British culture)
examples include eating with your hand in Islam copying the prophet PBUH
What is cultural hybridity
- Merging/fusion of 2+ cultures & creation of new ones
- Brasians, have both Brit+Asian culture
-kurta+jeans - Globalisation and development of cultural hybridity
-Global restaurant chains (McDonald’s/KFC), modifying menus to suit tastes of different cultures
What is cultural relativity
- Culture not being fixed or absolute, change within society, subcultures
- Asian couples likely to marry someone from same ethnic background than other ethnicity, cross-cultural references
- Change over time, attitudes towards minorities+women
-late 1960s
not on the spec icl
What is folk culture
- Associated with pre-industrial or early industrial society
- Key features include
- Authenticity (Emerges from everyday experiences such as storytelling, songs, and dance)
- Actively created (Produced by ordinary people in local communities. Not manufactured)
- Active involvement (People participate in culture. Not passive recipients of manufactured products)
