Culture

Question 1

Define culture

Answer 1

Refers to language, belief, customs dress and all the other things that define people’s way of life

Question 2

Define norms

Answer 2

Guidelines that conduct society’s actions

Question 3

What is the role of sanctions on society

Answer 3

Exert social control and maintain order

Question 4

Define values

Answer 4

Personal beliefs (general rather than specific)

Question 5

Difference between norms and values

Answer 5

Norms provide specific directions and made by society whereas values provide more general guidelines made by an individuals moral compass

Question 6

Without shared norms, members of society …

Answer 6

Would be unable to comprehend behaviour of others or even cooperate

Question 7

What is cross cultural research

Answer 7

Research carried out across different cultures-compare norms and values to see if they’re relative or universal

Question 8

What is universal

Answer 8

When behaviour or action of culture is same across different cultures

Question 9

What is relative

Answer 9

When behaviour or action of culture is speicific to that culture but can change over time

Question 10

Name the 5 different types of culture

Answer 10

Popular 
High
Global
Consumer
Subculture

Question 11

Define subculture

Answer 11

Small group within larger group that have its own set of norms and values

Question 12

Define high culture

Answer 12

Enjoyed by those with a higher status in society

Question 13

Which sociologist explains high culture

Answer 13

Bourdieu states it’s significant as it’s provides cultural capital

Question 14

Define popular culture

Answer 14

Every aspect of culture not high culture, lies from mass media

Question 15

What does bourdieu argue between mass culture and high culture

Answer 15

Distinction between the two cultures lie in the power of the group who support and access them

Question 16

Define global culture

Answer 16

Collection of norms and values that span borders and spread through media

Question 17

Define mcdonaldisation

Answer 17

Spread of western ideas globally

Question 18

What does Ritzer argue

Answer 18

Society is becoming more westernised with the influence of media . Culture is becoming more rational which in turn leads to the loss of traditional culture

Question 19

Define consumer culture

Answer 19

Set of ideas that encourage people to buy a range of never ending products

Question 20

Define cultural hybridity

Answer 20

Mix of 2 different cultures

Question 21

Give an example of cultural hybridity

Answer 21

Creolisation: forms of culture that don’t have historical roots but are a result of global connections example mulligatawny soup

Question 22

Example of Hybrid Identity (food)

Answer 22

Mulligatawny Soup is a mix of british and indian food

Question 23

cultural diversity

Answer 23

differences in lifestyles between families of different ethnic origins, religious beliefs e.g catholics ban contraception

Question 24

Bhatti (1999) -cultural diversity

Answer 24

-studied cultural diversity in UK and focused on a south asian family
-1M South Asians in Britain
-emphasis on loyalty to family and maintaining traditional practice in marriage
-‘izzat’ family honour taken seriously
-open clashes if children rejected cultural values

Question 25

Reynolds (2002)- cultural diversity

Answer 25

-concentration on female headed households among Black Caribbean families in Britain (this notion is misleading)
-emphasises diversity and fluidity of these families which reflects family patterns from different islands e.g in Jamaica female-headed common but nuclear is more common in Barbados

Question 26

Chamberlain (1999)- Cultural Diversity

Answer 26

-studied importance of siblings, aunts and uncles to Caribbean families

-siblings played a significant part of upbringing brothers/sisters
-in UK many lived together or near each other to strengthen kinship bonds

Question 27

what do functionalists argue?

Answer 27

-agreement or consensus amongst people in society about what is considered right and wrong, as well as having a shared view about the importance of the wider social group -makes functionalists different to other theorists who argue that society is made up of different groups with opposing interests and views.