Cultural Variations In Attachment

Question 1

What is meta-analysis?

Answer 1

Combined data from multiple studies to draw conclusions about a research topic.

Meta-analysis allows for a comprehensive understanding of research findings across different studies.

Question 2

How many studies and countries were included in the meta-analysis by Van Ijzendoorn/Kroonenberg?

Answer 2

32 studies from 8 countries.

This broad scope enhances the reliability of the findings.

Question 3

What methodology was used in the studies analyzed in the meta-analysis?

Answer 3

Ainsworth’s Strange Situation.

The Strange Situation is a standardized procedure to assess attachment styles in children.

Question 4

What was the most common attachment style found across all cultures?

Answer 4

Secure attachment.

Secure attachment is characterized by healthy emotional bonds and trust in caregivers.

Question 5

In which types of countries were higher levels of insecure-avoidant infants found?

Answer 5

Individualist countries, e.g., USA, UK.

Individualist cultures often emphasize personal independence and self-reliance.

Question 6

In which types of countries were higher levels of insecure-resistant infants found?

Answer 6

Collectivist countries, e.g., Japan.

Collectivist cultures prioritize group harmony and interdependence, which may influence attachment styles.

Question 7

What is ethnocentrism?

Answer 7

The belief that one’s own culture is superior to others.

Ethnocentrism can lead to biased judgments of other cultures based on one’s cultural standards.

Question 8

True or False: Ethnocentrism may be used to judge other cultures for not reaching the standard of one’s own.

Answer 8

True.

This perspective can hinder cross-cultural understanding and appreciation.