Cultural Variations in Attachment Flashcards
1
Q
Who researched cultural variations in attachment?
A
- van IJzendoorn and Kroonberg
2
Q
What research was conducted?
A
- 32 Strange situation studies across 8 countries including 1990 children were meta-analysed
3
Q
What was found?
A
- secure attachment overall more common however varied from 75% in Britain to 50% in China
- Insecure-resistant attachment raised to 25% in collectivist cultures such as Israel, China, Japan as well as insecure-avoidant attachment being reduced
4
Q
Who investigated attachment in Italy and what were the finding and conclusions?
A
- Simonelli assessed 76 babies 1 year old
- 50% Secure, 36% insecure-avoidant, suggested because increasing number of mothers work long hours
5
Q
Who investigated attachment in Korea, what were the findings and conclusions?
A
- Mi Kyoung Jin assessed 87 babies
- Most babies secure only 1 avoidant rest who were insecurely attached were resistant
6
Q
What may decrease the internal validity of this meta-analysis?
A
- As all the studies were conducted in different countries in every place the environment would be altered e.g different toys, different room, different stranger. This may have affected the babies behaviour and so decreases internal validity
7
Q
What is meant by an indigenous psychologist and how is it a strength?
A
- Most of the researchers came from the same cultural background of the pps (indigenous researchers) this is a strength as it gives the researcher a greater understanding of things such as language, allowing them to get truly accurate results. e.g Kroonberg and Van IJzendoorn were German and did their research in Germany
7
Q
What is imposed etic and how is it a limitation of the meta-analysis?
A
- Imposed etic is when we assume an idea or technique that works in one cultural context will work in another. For example in Germany lack of affection on reunion would be considered independence whereas in Britain it would be considered avoidant attachment
