cultural variations in attachment

Question 1

what was the aim of the cultural variation study done by van Ljzendoorn and kroonenberg?

Answer 1

to investigate the proportion of secure insecure-avoidant and insecure-resistant

Question 2

outline procedure of study

Answer 2

researchers conducted meta analysis of 32 studies from 8 countries. 15 were from the USA and used all of Ainsworths strange situation. in total 1990 infants were analysed

Question 3

outline the findings of the study

Answer 3

wide variation between proportions of attachment. secure attachment was the most common in all countries (varied from 75% - 50%).
insecure resistant was overall least common type in all countries (varied from 30% - 3%).
insecure avoidant attachment was found mainly in germany and least in japan.

Question 4

conclusion

Answer 4

secure attachment most common in many cultures supporting bowlbys monotropic theory of attachment is innate and universal however cultural practices have an influence on attachment

Question 5

italian study done by alessandra simonelli

Answer 5

assessed 76 babies aged 12 months using strange situation. found 50% was secure 36% was insecure-avoidant. this is lower rate of secure attachment and higher rate of insecure-avoidant. simonelli suggests that this is due the increrasing number of mothers working long hours and use of professional childcare. showing attachment aligns with cultural change