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Attachment > Cultural Variations In Attachment > Flashcards

Cultural Variations In Attachment Flashcards

1
Q

Cultural Variations definition

A

Are the differences in norms and values that exist between people in different groups.

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2
Q

Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenburg research- AIM

A

To look at the proportions of the different attachment types
across a range of countries.

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3
Q

Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenburg research- PROCEDURE

A

The data from 32 studies of attachment from 8 different
countries involving 1,990 children were analysed using a meta-analysis.

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4
Q

Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenburg research- PARTICIPANTS

A

1,990 children from 8 countries including UK, USA,
Germany and Israel.

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5
Q

Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenburg research- RESULTS

A

Secure attachment most common, IA most common in Germany, and IR in Israel.

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6
Q

Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenburg research- CONCLUSION

A

Greater variation within cultures than between.

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7
Q

Italian study on cultural variations (Simonelli)
AIM

A

Aim – does the proportion of attachments types in 2014 match those
found previously?

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8
Q

Italian study on cultural variations (Simonelli)
PARTICIPANTS

A

76 x 12 month olds

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9
Q

Italian study on cultural variations (Simonelli)
PROCEDURE

A

Strange Situation

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10
Q

Italian study on cultural variations (Simonelli)
RESULTS

A

50% secure, 36% IA.

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11
Q

Italian study on cultural variations (Simonelli)
CONCLUSIONS

A

lower rates of secure attachment than has been found
previously. Suggestion this occurred because more mothers are using
childcare due to working longer hours.

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12
Q

Korean study on cultural variations (Jin)- AIM

A

To compare attachment types in Korea to other countries.

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13
Q

Korean study on cultural variations (Jin)- PARTICIPANTS

A

87 Korean children

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14
Q

Korean study on cultural variations (Jin)- PROCEDURE

A

Strange Situation

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15
Q

Korean study on cultural variations (Jin)- RESULTS

A

Most infants were secure, with secure/insecure attachments
showing similar results to other countries.
However most of the
insecure were IR, with only one as IA which was similar to Japan.

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16
Q

Korean study on cultural variations (Jin)- CONCLUSION

A

Similar child rearing styles in Korea and Japan can explain
this.

17
Q

Cultural variations evaluation points- Large sample

A

STRENGTH

1,990 children, from 8 countries suggests high levels of internal validity.

18
Q

Cultural variations evaluation points- Unrepresentative sample

A

LIMITATION

Comparisons were between countries, not cultures. Child rearing practices differ in any one country which can affect results. Eg. Urban Tokyo found similar findings to UK (secure) whereas rural Tokyo had IR.

19
Q

Cultural variations evaluation points- Biased sample

A

LIMITATION

Imposed etic – American researcher using a British theory. Anglo-American
theory/assessment cannot be used in other cultures.

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