Cultural Variations in Attachment

Question 1

What did Van Ijzendoorn and Kronenburg do In 1988?

Answer 1

They conducted a meta-analysis of 32. studies using 8 countries and they investigated the patterns of attachment across a variety. of cultures

Question 2

What country had the most secure attachments?

Answer 2

UK

Question 3

What country had the least secure attachments?

Answer 3

China

Question 4

What country had the most avoidant attachments?

Answer 4

Germany

Question 5

What country had the least avoidant attachments?

Answer 5

Japan

Question 6

What country had the most resistant attachments?

Answer 6

Israel

Question 7

What country had the least resistant attachments?

Answer 7

UK

Question 8

Explain Simonellas work

Answer 8

She demonstrated the proportion of securely attached children in Italy was only 50%which was lower then. expected. Researchers suggested thatches changes are due to a changing. culture and social expectations of mothers, as they are working. more

Question 9

What did Jin et al do in 2012?

Answer 9

He found that the when the strange situation was used to assess 87 Korean infants aged 6 months, the vast majority of insecurity attached children were actually classed as insecure resistant opposed to avoidant. This pattern is similar to Japan suggesting similarities in child-rearing practices are influential in establishing patterns of attachment

Question 10

Give a - (LEV)

Answer 10

Lacks ecological validity as it didn’t measure what it. was meant to. However, multiple. different attachments exist. within the same country which wasn’t acknowledged. This suggests Ijzendoorn and Kronburg didn’t account for such differences and so are more likely to be studying differences between countries of attachment patterns, rather than culture

Question 11

Give a - (SSCB)

Answer 11

Strange situation is culture bound sample was biased so the findings are unlikely to be generalised to other cultures. This is an example of imposed metic because Ainsworth. assumed that the. stages of attachment she developed could be universally applied to all children from all cultures

Question 12

Give a + (RBLS)

Answer 12

Reliable findings because of large samples used. This replicability increases the validity and faith in conclusions because it decreases the likelihood that. the observed results were one off or due to chance