Cultural origins of behaviour and cognition

Question 1

What are the two sub headings under cultural origins of behaviour and cognition?

Answer 1

Culture and its influence on behaviour cognition and cultural dimensions

Question 2

What studies support culture and its influence on behaviour and cognition?

Answer 2

Ji, Chua, Wang, SCT ( maybe not use)

Question 3

Wang

Answer 3

• To investigate whether the emotional content of mother-child conversations would be different for American and Chinese participants..
• White American and Chinese mothers participated in this study and were asked to record conversations with their children relating to four different events, each relating to a different emotion: happy, sad, scared or angry.The conversations were then analysed.
• American mothers offered significantly more explanations than Chinese mothers for the emotions felt by their child and by others when discussing events with their children.
• American mothers and their children were significantly more likely to choose personally-focused events to discuss, while Chinese mothers and their children were more likely to talk about social themes.
• American mothers elaborated (gave more details about the events being discussed) significantly more than the Chinese mothers.

-“For American mothers, emotions constitute an important aspect of the child’s self and therefore need to be explained and elaborated on fully in order to facilitate the child’s emotion understanding and individuality. For Chinese mothers, in contrast, emotions are consequences of social interactions between the child and significant others and therefore are instrumental for reinforcing behaviour and conduct

Question 4

Chua

‘What Chua looking at’

Answer 4

Investigated whether there are cultural differences in the way people place their attention when looking at images of objects against backgrounds. They showed participants 36 pictures with a background and an object in the middle, and asked them to rate how much they liked the image while tracking their eye movement. Afterwards, there was an ‘object recognition stage’ where participants were shown 76 photos in four different combinations and had to say whether they recognised the object in the picture. They found that american participants were almost as accurate in recognising old objects regardless of a new or old background, and that chinese participants were significantly worse at recognising old objects if they were on a new background. With these results, Chua argued that Easterners and Westerners differed in terms of what they believed as important in an image when considering how much they like the picture, with difference in recognition memory being a result of different priorities from cultures.