cultural origins of behavior and cognition

Question 1

what are cultural dimensions?

Answer 1

• The values around which a culture is organized
• continuums along which cultures can be located

Hofstede proposes 6

Question 2

what is individualism?

Answer 2

emphasizes the individual and their rights, independence, and relationship with other individuals:
- self-sufficiency
- no obligation to a bigger community
- expected to take care of yourself

Question 3

what is collectivism?

Answer 3

the tendency to view oneself as a member of a larger group
- loyalty
- common goals > individual pursuits
- group wellness

Question 4

STUDY ON CULTURAL DIMENSIONS

Answer 4

Levine et al 1995
aim: to compare the relative importance of love in marriage across individualistic and collectivistic cultures
- 1170 college students 11 cultures
- questionnaire
- individualism = higher importance of love 0.56
- higher marriage rates, lower fertility rates
- the belief that a marriage should end if love disappeared correlated with higher divorce rates. 0.74