Cultural Integration Flashcards
What Are Factors That Affect Cultral Intergration?
Any process that facilitates increased interaction between people will contribute to the process of cultural integration
List Factors That Affect Cultural Integration
Technological change, transnational corporations (TNC’s), cultural imperialism, actions of government
Explain Technoligical Change’s Impact On Cultural Integration
New technologies have transformed the ways cultures interact
Barriers that once existed, such as distance and cost, are being broken down at a rapid rate
Explain Transnational Corporations (TNC’s) Impact On Cultural Integration
Businesses which operate internationally (TNCs) have led to the development of a global economy
Define Cultural Imperialism
The dominance of one culture over others
Explain Cultural Imperialism’s Impact On Cultural Integration
Dominance is so widespread that critics now refer to the process as cultural imperialism: the dominance or hegemony of one culture over all others
Explain Governement Action’s Impact On Cultural Integration
Many governments have actively promoted economic globalisation by deregulating their economies,
encouraging new technologies, supporting immigration programs and multiculturalism
Define Globalisation
the process whereby the world’s cultures and economies have become more intergrated
Define Transnational Corporation (TNC)
A company which has branches in a range of different countries
List Examples Of TNC’s
Nike, McDonalds, KFC
What Is The Link Between TNC’s And Globalisation?
TNCs have gained many benefits from the process of globalisation
Able to use the world’s resources to make large profits
Give ONE Example Of A Case Study Of TNC’s
Nike
- One of the world’s largest, profitable shoe and clothing companies
- Uses a range of celebrities to advertise their products
- 1970s Nike did all of its manufacturing in the US
- Now all other products are made in developing countries around the world
- Nike provides employment for local residents and boosts the economy
(What We Don’t Hear About)
- Despite Nike claiming equality workers in Indonesia in 2016 earned US$3.50 per day
- Most sweatshop laborers don’t even get paid enough to survive on
- Prefer to use children so they can pay even less or nothing at all
- Thousands each year die from:
Exhaustion caused by over work
Injury from machinery
Abuse by factory management
Sickness due to unsanitary conditions
- Some factory management rape, abuse, and assault the workers putting a since of fear in them so they don’t leave and stay despite the abuse
Define Culture
Framework of shared meanings which people who belong to the same community (or group or nation) use to help them interpret and make sense of the world
List Ways Culture Is Expressed
Language, customs, traditions, thinking, behaviour, faith, music, clothing, art, technology, food, architecture, dance
Give ONE Example Of Culture
Maori People of New Zealand
- Traditional dress, their language, their spiritual beliefs and their myths of origin
- Combination of these that define Maori Culture
Define Territorial Segregation
Culture is separated by land
Define Cultral Diffusion
The spread of one culture’s practices, beliefs, and/or items
Define Cultural Adoption
The acceptance and integration of different cultural elements as if they were your own
Define Cultural Adaptation
The modification of a culture to incorporate aspects from another culture
Define Mass Consumer Culture
The importance a society places on buying goods, and the extent to which the ownership of material goods is valued
List The Features Of Consumer Culture
- Originates from modern, developed Western cultures, mainly from the USA
- About the flow of money
- Idea that people think consumption and the possession of material wealth is important in life
- Doesn’t support the rights of individual to have freedom and choice
- Accepts that businesses exist to make profit and to increase their share of market
- Does not restrict who can consume and what can be consumed
Explain Fast Food As An Example Of Cultral Intergration
- Transform the diets of people in many countries and helped shape (through advertising) the lifestyle aspirations of people, especially the young
- In some cases, the fast food giants have adapted their products to the cultural context in which they operate (e.g McDonald’s, Burger King, KFC, Domino’s Pizza, Starbucks)
Explain Fashion’s Role In Culture
- Fashion is the technique/style of dress of a culture at a particular time
- Possible to identify different cultures by their clothing
- Fashion indicates many aspects of culture including power, status, acceptability, and reputation
Define Brand Images And Mass Consumer Culture
Symbols play an important role but it is in the form of brand images
A brand image is a symbol associated with a particular consumer product easily identified by people
Explain The Effect Of East Asian Spread
- Western fans of K-pop and other cultural products might initially be drawn in by flashy dance moves and edgy fashion but it is having a ripple effect:
Enrolments in Japanese and Korean programs in the United States increased between 2013 and 2016
Boosting tourist arrivals to South Korea
If K-pop band BTS maintain their popularity, they will contribute a projected 56.16 trillion South Korean won ($48 billion) to the country’s economy by 2023
Define Language Shift
Process by which a language community adopts another language
Define Language Death
When the last speaker of a language dies
UNESCO Has How Many Categories of Endangerment When Looking A Languages?
5
What Are The UNESCO 5 Categories of Endangerment?
Vulnerable - children speak the language, may be restricted to certain domains such as the home
Definitely endangered - children no longer learn the language as a ‘‘mother tongue’’ in the home
Severely endangered - language is spoken by grandparents and older generations
Critically endangered - the youngest speakers are grandparents and older, speak the language partially and infrequently
Extinct - there are no speakers left
Why Is The Loss Of Language An Issue?
We need diversity to prevent homogenous landscapes around the world
Languages express identity
Languages are interesting in themselves
Explain ONE Case Study For Vanishing Languages
Eagle Hunters
- ONLY 60 eagle hunters left
- No phones and internet
- Keeping tradition alive by passing onto future generations
- Fear is the real hunters will die out within a generation
- 5 years of training to earn the title of on egal hunter
- Traditions were lost when the Soviets took over
- Today’s young men lack their passion of their fathers
- Women are joining the hunt although Frowned upon by the elders
