Cultural Integration

Question 1

What Are Factors That Affect Cultral Intergration?

Answer 1

Any process that facilitates increased interaction between people will contribute to the process of cultural integration

Question 2

List Factors That Affect Cultural Integration

Answer 2

Technological change, transnational corporations (TNC’s), cultural imperialism, actions of government

Question 3

Explain Technoligical Change’s Impact On Cultural Integration

Answer 3

New technologies have transformed the ways cultures interact
Barriers that once existed, such as distance and cost, are being broken down at a rapid rate

Question 4

Explain Transnational Corporations (TNC’s) Impact On Cultural Integration

Answer 4

Businesses which operate internationally (TNCs) have led to the development of a global economy

Question 5

Define Cultural Imperialism

Answer 5

The dominance of one culture over others

Question 6

Explain Cultural Imperialism’s Impact On Cultural Integration

Answer 6

Dominance is so widespread that critics now refer to the process as cultural imperialism: the dominance or hegemony of one culture over all others

Question 7

Explain Governement Action’s Impact On Cultural Integration

Answer 7

Many governments have actively promoted economic globalisation by deregulating their economies,
encouraging new technologies, supporting immigration programs and multiculturalism

Question 8

Define Globalisation

Answer 8

the process whereby the world’s cultures and economies have become more intergrated

Question 9

Define Transnational Corporation (TNC)

Answer 9

A company which has branches in a range of different countries

Question 10

List Examples Of TNC’s

Answer 10

Nike, McDonalds, KFC

Question 11

What Is The Link Between TNC’s And Globalisation?

Answer 11

TNCs have gained many benefits from the process of globalisation
Able to use the world’s resources to make large profits

Question 12

Give ONE Example Of A Case Study Of TNC’s

Answer 12

Nike
- One of the world’s largest, profitable shoe and clothing companies
- Uses a range of celebrities to advertise their products
- 1970s Nike did all of its manufacturing in the US
- Now all other products are made in developing countries around the world
- Nike provides employment for local residents and boosts the economy

(What We Don’t Hear About)
- Despite Nike claiming equality workers in Indonesia in 2016 earned US$3.50 per day
- Most sweatshop laborers don’t even get paid enough to survive on
- Prefer to use children so they can pay even less or nothing at all
- Thousands each year die from:
Exhaustion caused by over work
Injury from machinery
Abuse by factory management
Sickness due to unsanitary conditions
- Some factory management rape, abuse, and assault the workers putting a since of fear in them so they don’t leave and stay despite the abuse

Question 13

Define Culture

Answer 13

Framework of shared meanings which people who belong to the same community (or group or nation) use to help them interpret and make sense of the world

Question 14

List Ways Culture Is Expressed

Answer 14

Language, customs, traditions, thinking, behaviour, faith, music, clothing, art, technology, food, architecture, dance

Question 15

Give ONE Example Of Culture

Answer 15

Maori People of New Zealand
- Traditional dress, their language, their spiritual beliefs and their myths of origin
- Combination of these that define Maori Culture

Question 16

Define Territorial Segregation

Answer 16

Culture is separated by land

Question 17

Define Cultral Diffusion

Answer 17

The spread of one culture’s practices, beliefs, and/or items

Question 18

Define Cultural Adoption

Answer 18

The acceptance and integration of different cultural elements as if they were your own

Question 19

Define Cultural Adaptation

Answer 19

The modification of a culture to incorporate aspects from another culture

Question 20

Define Mass Consumer Culture

Answer 20

The importance a society places on buying goods, and the extent to which the ownership of material goods is valued

Question 21

List The Features Of Consumer Culture

Answer 21

• Originates from modern, developed Western cultures, mainly from the USA
• About the flow of money
• Idea that people think consumption and the possession of material wealth is important in life
• Doesn’t support the rights of individual to have freedom and choice
• Accepts that businesses exist to make profit and to increase their share of market
• Does not restrict who can consume and what can be consumed

Question 22

Explain Fast Food As An Example Of Cultral Intergration

Answer 22

• Transform the diets of people in many countries and helped shape (through advertising) the lifestyle aspirations of people, especially the young
• In some cases, the fast food giants have adapted their products to the cultural context in which they operate (e.g McDonald’s, Burger King, KFC, Domino’s Pizza, Starbucks)

Question 23

Explain Fashion’s Role In Culture

Answer 23

• Fashion is the technique/style of dress of a culture at a particular time
• Possible to identify different cultures by their clothing
• Fashion indicates many aspects of culture including power, status, acceptability, and reputation

Question 24

Define Brand Images And Mass Consumer Culture

Answer 24

Symbols play an important role but it is in the form of brand images
A brand image is a symbol associated with a particular consumer product easily identified by people

Question 25

Explain The Effect Of East Asian Spread

Answer 25

• Western fans of K-pop and other cultural products might initially be drawn in by flashy dance moves and edgy fashion but it is having a ripple effect:
  Enrolments in Japanese and Korean programs in the United States increased between 2013 and 2016
  Boosting tourist arrivals to South Korea
  If K-pop band BTS maintain their popularity, they will contribute a projected 56.16 trillion South Korean won ($48 billion) to the country’s economy by 2023

Question 26

Define Language Shift

Answer 26

Process by which a language community adopts another language

Question 27

Define Language Death

Answer 27

When the last speaker of a language dies

Question 28

UNESCO Has How Many Categories of Endangerment When Looking A Languages?

Answer 28

5

Question 29

What Are The UNESCO 5 Categories of Endangerment?

Answer 29

Vulnerable - children speak the language, may be restricted to certain domains such as the home
Definitely endangered - children no longer learn the language as a ‘‘mother tongue’’ in the home
Severely endangered - language is spoken by grandparents and older generations
Critically endangered - the youngest speakers are grandparents and older, speak the language partially and infrequently
Extinct - there are no speakers left

Question 30

Why Is The Loss Of Language An Issue?

Answer 30

We need diversity to prevent homogenous landscapes around the world
Languages express identity
Languages are interesting in themselves

Question 31

Explain ONE Case Study For Vanishing Languages

Answer 31

Eagle Hunters
- ONLY 60 eagle hunters left
- No phones and internet
- Keeping tradition alive by passing onto future generations
- Fear is the real hunters will die out within a generation
- 5 years of training to earn the title of on egal hunter
- Traditions were lost when the Soviets took over
- Today’s young men lack their passion of their fathers
- Women are joining the hunt although Frowned upon by the elders