Cultural Differences Researchers Flashcards
Social psychological explanation - Research support - STRENGTH
Chester et al
Analysed self reports from all its half a million children across 33 countries
Found that bullying levels decreased significantly in some countries eg Denmark
fluctuated in others eg Spain
In some cases it changed for one gender but not the other eg- USA
Social psychological explanation - cyber bullying - STRENGTH
Qing li
Jennifer D Shaka
Canadian students were 4.33 times are likely to be cyberbullies than Chinese students
With culture being a strong predictor than other factors like access to technology
Examined cybercictimization amount 11-15 year olds in Canada and Tasmania
Found Canadian students higher rates of cyber bullying and tazaninian students exhibited different patterns influenced by their unique cultural and technological environments
(Summary- in Canada kids use there’re phones to cyberbully in Tasmania kids use phones in different ways and don’t cyber bully as much. Because rules, beliefs and ways people act in each country)
Social psychological explanation - cross cultural definitions of bullying (weakness)
Japanese language
Cultural values influence the type and impact of bullying. For example in individualist county’s such as the USA and Australia independence and personal achievement are emphasised therefore direct bullying that threatens self resilience is most harmful however in collectivist counties such as china and japan where group harmony is prioritised, bullying tends to be more indirect, therefore aiming to damage social relationships and exclude individuals from their community (so like when in primary school your playing as a group and someone asks to join in and you don’t really want them to so you say ‘I don’t know as …’) this explains why relational bullying like Ijime (definition for bullying in japan) is more prevalent because it targets an individuals social belonging rather than personal autonomy
Social psychological explanation - research shows cultural similarities - strength
Craig et al (2009)
Only a minority of individuals are involved with bullying
Males are more likely to be victims of bulling and bully themselves
The abuse of power is a central feature of bullying in nearly all cultures
