Cultural Competence Flashcards
___________________ is the learned beliefs and behaviors or the socially inherited characteristics that are common among all members of a racial, social, ethnic or religious group.
Culture
___________________ is a set of congruent behaviors, attitudes, and policies that enable a system or professional to work effectively in cross-cultural situations. It is generally considered to be a continuum.
Cultural competence
___________________ is developing sensitivity and understanding of another ethnic group. It usually involves internal changes in terms of attitudes and values.
Cultural awareness
___________________ is awareness that cultural differences as well as similarities exist, without assigning values, such as better or worse, right or wrong, to those cultural difference.
Cultural sensitivity
___________________ is familiarization with selected cultural characteristics, history, values, belief systems, and behaviors of the members of another ethnic group.
Cultural knowledge
___________________ is when providers and systems seek to do more than provide unbiased care as they value the positive role culture can play in a person’s health and well-being.
Cultural proficiency
___________________ is ongoing self-reflection that demonstrates a lifelong commitment to continuously evaluate one’s own behaviors beliefs and identities and determine how potential biases and assumptions may surface when collaborating with an individual of a different background.
Cultural humility
___________________ is the attitudes or stereotypes that unconsciously alter our perceptions or understanding of our experiences, that in turn affects behavior, interactions and decision-making. They are unrecognized by the individual or are outside of their awareness.
Implicit/unconscious bias
When unconscious bias is present, the human brain quickly categorizes any encounters with people, animals or situations through ___________________.
“Cognitive shortcuts”
What are the dimensions of culture related to health?
Health/illness beliefs Decision-making style Healing traditions Locus of control Communication Immigration status
_______________________ refers to the way a cultural group understands behavioral or emotional problems.
Cultural concepts of distress
What are the three main types of cultural concepts of distress?
Culture-bound syndromes
Cultural idioms
Cultural explanations
___________________ are specific behaviors related to a person’s culture and not linked to a psychiatric disorder. These are a cluster of symptoms that occur in a specific cultural group. They may not be seen as an illness within the culture, but outsiders may recognize it as such.
Culture-bound syndromes
Identify the syndrome in various Latin American cultures that includes symptoms of shouting, crying, attacks, trembling, verbal or physical aggression, dissociative experiences, and feeling out of control in response to a stressful event.
“Ataque de nervios”
___________________ are terms that provide shared ways of experiencing suffering and do not describe a specific disorder. They represent a way of expressing features of distress or a way of talking about suffering that is commonly used among people of a cultural group.
Cultural idioms
Identify the idiom of psychosocial and interpersonal distress among the Zimbabwe that is associated with anxiety, headache, and dizziness.
Kufungisisa “Thinking too much”
___________________ are culturally recognized labels, attributes, or features that explain etiology/cause of symptoms, disease, and distress.
Cultural explanations
dentify the explanation for distress and misfortune among some U.S. Latinos and people in Mexico, Central and South America. It results after a frightening experience that causes the soul to leave the body. The experience causes sickness, unhappiness and trouble with role functioning, as well as somatic symptoms and symptoms associated with major depressive disorder.
Susto “Fright”
Which racial groups receive less care even after controlling for income, education, and availability of health insurance?
African Americans
Hispanic Americans
True or false: African American psychiatric patients are more likely than Caucasian patients to be inpatients.
True
True or false: African American psychiatric patients are more likely than Caucasian patients to be hospitalized involuntarily.
True
True or false: African American psychiatric patients are more likely than Caucasian patients to be placed in seclusion despite lack of evidence of violence.
True
African American patients are more likely to be over-diagnosed with what psychiatric conditions?
Schizophrenia
Substance abuse
African American patients are more likely to be under-diagnosed with what psychiatric conditions?
Affective disorders
Which racial groups have the highest suicide rates?
Native Americans
Alaskan Indians
What percentage of LGBT patients experience discrimination?
50%
What percentage of transgender patients have postponed medical care when sick or injured due to discrimination and disrespect?
25%
True or false: LGBT youth are 2 to 3 times more likely to attempt suicide.
True
What percentage of transgender people attempt suicide?
40%
True or false: More than 50% of transgender patients report encountering a significant lack of provider knowledge?
True
What are the PMHNPs’ responsibilities toward their LGBT patients?
Be non-judgmental and open to learning
Use inclusive language and avoid heterosexual bias (i.e., “Are you involved in an intimate relationship?” or “Are you dating anyone?”)
Use appropriate language and terms
Provide a diagnosis of gender dysphoria
Assess patients’ informed consent to hormonal and surgical options
Assess and treat psychiatric disorders
Provide support for exploration of gender identity, gender roles, and sexuality
True or false: A diagnosis of gender dysphoria is appropriate when patient experiences a marked incongruence of experienced/expressed gender and gender assigned at birth for at least 6 months.
True
In gender dysphoria, patient must show two or more of what characteristics?
A strong desire to be another gender
A strong desire to be treated as another gender
A strong desire for the sexual characteristics of another gender
A strong desire to be rid of one’s sexual characteristics due to incongruence
A significant incongruence between one’s experienced or expressed gender and one’s sexual characteristics
A strong conviction that one has the typical reactions and feelings of another gender
True or false: A diagnosis of gender dysphoria requires that the patient’s symptoms be associated with “clinically significant distress?”
True
What LGBT term describes people whose gender, gender expression, and/or sexuality do not conform with societal norms?
Queer
What LGBT term describes people who are exploring their gender, gender expression, and/or sexual orientation?
Questioning
What LGBT term describes females who are same sex attracted romantically, physically and psychologically?
Lesbian
What LGBT term describes males who are same sex attracted romantically, physically and psychologically?
Gay
What LGBT term describes people who are attracted romantically, physically and psychologically to others regardless of their gender?
Bisexual
What LGBT term describes people whose gender identity aligns with their biological sex?
Cisgender
What LGBT term describes a person whose gender expression and identity crosses between typical male and female outside of societal norms?
Gender fluid
What LGBT term describes a biological female who identifies as a male?
Female to male (FTM) or transgender male
What LGBT term describes a biological male who identifies as a female?
Male to female (MTF) or transgender female
What LGBT term describes a behavior, appearance, or expression that does not align with typical or expected societal norms?
Gender non-conforming
Define the term “sexual orientation.”
An emotional, romantic, or sexual attraction toward men, women, or both.
Define the term “gender identity.”
Psychological self-identification or awareness of belonging to one gender or another.
Describe the concept of “misgendering.”
Occurs when someone intentionally or unintentionally uses a term or language to describe a person that doesn’t align with their affirmed gender. It usually occurs as a result of assumptions about a person’s gender based on their primary or secondary sex characteristics.
