cultural bias AO1

Question 1

what is culture?

Answer 1

Ways of life including arts, beliefs, institutions of a population that are passed down generations. Includes codes of manner, dress, language, religion, rituals, arts.

Question 2

what is cultural bias?

Answer 2

tendency to ignore cultural differences and interpret all phenomena through the lenses of ones culture

Question 3

what have psychologists claimed to have discovered about human behaviour?

Answer 3

they have discovered facts about human behaviour that are ‘universal’

Question 4

what do critics say about the influence of culture on human behaviour?

Answer 4

mainstream psych has ignored culture as an important influence on human behaviour, and mistakenly assumed findings from western culture can be applied all over the world.

Question 5

what is ethnocentrism?

Answer 5

judging others by the standards and values of ones own culture. Believing your culture is superior which may lead to prejudice and discrimination towards other cultures.

Question 6

what does psychological research suggest about ethnocentrism?

Answer 6

any behaviours that don’t conform to usually western models are underdeveloped.

Question 7

what is cultural relativism?

Answer 7

idea that norms & values ðics & moral standards can only be meaningful within social and cultural context

Question 8

what is the etic approach?

Answer 8

looks at behaviour outside a given culture & attempts to describe behaviours the are universal

Question 9

what is the emic approach?

Answer 9

functions within certain cultures and identifies behaviours specific to the culture

Question 10

who distinguished the epic and epic approach?

Answer 10

Berry (1969)