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Cultural Anthropology > Cultural Anthropology Notes > Flashcards

Cultural Anthropology Notes Flashcards

1
Q

Stories explaining the beginnings of an ethnic group

A

Origin Myths

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2
Q

distinguishing features separating one ethnic group from another

A

Ethnic Boundary Markers

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3
Q

Dispersion of people from their homeland while maintaining cultural ties.

A

Diaspora

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4
Q

A political entity with defined territory and shared identity

A

Nation-state

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5
Q

Concept that members of a nation-state feel a shared connection despite never meeting.

A

Imagined Community

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6
Q

Field examining how gender is constructed and affects social roles/inequalities

A

Gender Studies

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7
Q

Biological differences between males and females.

A

Sex

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8
Q

Social roles and expectations associated with being male or female.

A

Gender

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9
Q

Gender roles shaped by cultural influences.

A

Cultural Construction of Gender

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10
Q

Physical differences between sexes beyond reproductive organs.

A

Sexual Dimorphism

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11
Q

person born with a both male and female biological traits

A

Intersex

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12
Q

multiple gender identities beyond male and female.

A

Gender Diversity

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13
Q

A recognized third gender in South Asia mixing female/male traits

A

Hijras

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14
Q

Indigenous North American term for individuals embodying both genders.

A

“Two-Spirits”

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15
Q

Idea that gender is acted out via behaviors and choices

A

Gender Performance

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16
Q

Unequal access to resources or power based on gender

A

Gender Stratification

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17
Q

Essay by Emily Martin critiquing gendered descriptions of reproductive biology.

A

“The Egg and the Sperm”

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18
Q

Capacity for sexual attraction and relationships.

A

Sexuality

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19
Q

Attraction to both sexes.

A

Bisexuality

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20
Q

Lack of sexual attraction to others.

A

Asexuality

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21
Q

relationships between individuals based on descent and marriage

A

Kinship

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22
Q

Groups based on common ancestor

A

Descent Groups

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23
Q

Lineage traced through both parents.

A

Bilateral Descent

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24
Q

Kinship groups connected to an individual

A

Kindreds

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25
Q

Tracing kinship through one parent’s line

A

Unilineal Descent

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26
Q

Tracing descent through the father’s line

A

Patrilineal Descent

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27
Q

Descent groups claiming a known ancestor

A

Lineages

28
Q

Extended family groups sharing a common ancestor.

A

Clans

29
Q

Tracing descent through the mother’s line

A

Matrilineal Descent

30
Q

relationship between a man and his sister’s children

A

Avunculate

31
Q

Kinship through marriage, not blood

A

Affinal Relationship

32
Q

Marriage based on love, personal choice

A

Compassionate Relationship

33
Q

Marriage outside one’s social group.

A

Exogamy

34
Q

Marriage within one’s social group.

A

Endogamy

35
Q

Having one spouse at a time.

A

Monogamy

36
Q

A man having multiple wives.

A

Polygyny

37
Q

A woman having multiple husbands.

A

Polyandry

38
Q

Couples establishing independent residence.

A

Neolocal

39
Q

Living with the wife’s family after marriage

A

Uxorilocal

40
Q

Living with the husband’s maternal uncle after marriage

A

Avunculocal

41
Q

Living with husband’s family after marriage

A

Virilocal

42
Q

Payment from groom’s family to bride’s family.

A

Bridewealth

43
Q

Society with hereditary status differences

A

Ranked Society

44
Q

Ceremonial feast involving gift-giving to assert status.

A

Potlatch

45
Q

Working class selling labor for wages.

A

Proletariat

46
Q

Capitalist class owning production means.

A

Bourgeoisie

47
Q

Social honor or respect given to individuals or groups

A

Prestige

48
Q

Opportunities to improve one’s quality of life

A

Life Chances

49
Q

Movement of individuals within the social hierarchy.

A

Social Mobility

50
Q

Maintenance of social inequality across generations.

A

Social Reproduction

51
Q

Ingrained habits and attitudes shaped by social contexts

A

Habitus

52
Q

Non-financial assets that promote social mobility

A

Cultural Capital

53
Q

How overlapping identities (race, gender, class) shape individual experiences.

A

intersectionality

54
Q

Idea that hunter-gatherers had abundant resources with minimal work.

A

“Original Affluent Society”

55
Q

Economic practices of the Gebusi in Papua New Guinea.

A

Gebusi Subsistence and Exchange

56
Q

type of arranged marriage where two sets of siblings marry each other

A

Sister-Exchange Marriage

57
Q

Widow marrying her deceased husband’s brother.

A

Levirate

58
Q

Kinship groups tracing descent through the male line

A

Patriclans

59
Q

Kinship and marriage practices among the Gebusi

A

Gebusi Kinship and Marriage

60
Q

Cultural beliefs regarding gender roles and sexuality among the Gebusi.

A

Gebusi Gender Relations and Sexuality

61
Q

Partners selected by others, often family

A

Arranged Marriage

62
Q

German sociologist who expanded on social class and status

A

Max Weber

63
Q

French theorist on social reproduction and cultural capital

A

Pierre Bourdieu

64
Q

US anthropologist who emphasized intersectionality in inequality studies

A

Leith Mullings

65
Q

Anthropologist who analyzed gendered language in science

A

Emily Martin

66
Q

Cultural rules prohibiting sexual relations between close relatives

A

Incest Taboo

Cultural Anthropology (1 decks)

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