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Clinical Anatomy 1 > Cubital Fossa & Anterior Forearm > Flashcards

Cubital Fossa & Anterior Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

Pronator Teres AAIN

A

Attachments: medial epicondyle & ulnar coronoid process to lateral aspect of radius
Actions: pronates & flexes forearm
Innervation: Median nerve
Nerve root: C6-7

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2
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR) AAIN

A

Attachments: medial epicondyle (common flexor origin) to the palmar aspect of the base of the 2nd metacarpal
Actions: flexes & abducts hand at wrist (radial deviation), may assist in pronation of forearm & flexion of elbow
Innervation: Median nerve
Nerve root: C6-8

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3
Q

Palmaris Longus AAIN

A

Attachments: medial epicondyle of humerus to the palmar aponeurosis
Actions: flexes hand at wrist, tenses palmar fascia
Innervation: Median nerve
Nerve root: C7-8

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4
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (FCU) AAIN

A

Attachments: medial epicondyle of the humerus & proximal ulnar shaft to the pisiform
Actions: flexes and abducts hand at wrist (ulnar deviation) and assists in flexion of the elbow
Innervation: Ulnar nerve
Nerve root: C7-T1

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5
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (FDS) AAIN

A

Attachments: medial epicondyle to the sides of the middle phalanges of digits 2-5
Actions: Flexion of digits (metacarpophalangeal & proximal interphalangeal) and hand at wrist
Innervation: Median nerve
Nerve root: C7-T1

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6
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus (FDP) AAIN

A

Attachments: anterior proximal two thirds of the ulna and interosseous membrane to the base of the distal phalanges of digits 2-5
Actions: flexion of digits 2-5 (metacarpophalangeal and distal interphalangeal and proximal interphalangeal) and flexion of hand at wrist
Innervation: Median (anterior interosseous nerve- 2nd and 3rd digits), ulnar (4th and 5th digits) nerves
Nerve roots: C7-T1

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7
Q

Flexor Pollicis Longus (FPL) AAIN

A

Attachments: anterior surface of the radius and interosseous membrane to the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb
Actions: flexes thumb (metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal)
Innervation: Median nerve (anterior interosseous nerve)
Nerve roots: C7-T1

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8
Q

Pronator Quadratus AAIN

A

Attachments: anterior surface of the distal ulna to the anterior surface of the distal radius
Actions: pronates the forearm
Innervation: median nerve (anterior interosseous nerve)
Nerve roots: C8-T1

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9
Q

What are the three joints of the elbow and their synovial classifications?

A

Humeroulnar (ginglymus/hinge), humeroradial (plane/gliding) and proximal radio-ulnar (pivot/trochoid)

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10
Q

Ulnar collateral ligament function/attachments

A

Function: resists excessive cubital valgus
Attachments: medial epicondyle to medial margin of coronoid process and olecranon process

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11
Q

Radial collateral ligament function/attachments

A

Function: resists excessive cubital varus
Attachments: lateral epicondyle to annular ligament

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12
Q

Annular ligament function/attachments

A

Function: stabilizes proximal radioulnar joint
Attachments: anterior margin of the radial notch to posterior margin of radial notch surrounding head of radius

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13
Q

Interosseous membrane attachments

A

Attachments: interosseous border of radius to interosseous border of ulna

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14
Q

Name the 7 bursae of the elbow

A

Subcutaneous bursa of medial epicondyle
Subcutaneous bursa of lateral epicondyle
Bursa of anconeus
Bursa at origin of extensor carpi radialis brevis
Olecranon bursae (semitendinous, intratendinous, subcutaneous)

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15
Q

Describe a radial head subluxation and the structures involved

A

Occurs when the radial head dislocates from the anular ligament (which reinforces radial head). Typically occurs as a result of a pulling force on the arm when extended overhead (ie parents swinging child). Typically only requires relocation, but if injury occurs as a result of a fall, further screening is required to rule out a fracture

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16
Q

Describe olecranon bursitis and the structures involved

A

Olecranon bursitis is defined as the inflammation of the bursae at the olecranon process (subtendinous, intratendinous, subcutaneous) as a result of increased pressure at the elbow (often sitting at a desk or similar)

17
Q

Locate the areas of skin associated with a single spinal segment (Dermatome). (C5-T1)

A

C5: lateral arm and proximal 1/2 of lateral forearm
C6: middle stripe of arm and forearm, thumb
C7: middle fingers (approx digits 2-4)
C8: pinky
T1: medial forearm and distal 1/2 of medial arm

18
Q

Anterior forearm contents, actions, innervation & blood supply

A

Contents: 8 muscles

  • pronator teres
  • flexor carpi radialis
  • palmaris longus
  • flexor carpi ulnaris
  • flexor digitorum superficialis
  • flexor digitorum profundus
  • flexor pollicis longus
  • pronator quadratus

Actions: forearm flexion & pronation, some hand abduction, adduction, flexion, some digit/thumb flexion

Innervation: median nerve & ulnar nerve

Blood supply: ulnar artery (anterior interosseous)

19
Q

Function of the median nerve

(muscular branches of forearm, anterior interosseous nerve, palmar cutaneous branch, muscular branches in hand, recurrent branch of median nerve, common and proper palmar digital nerves)

A

Muscular branches in the forearm: S, PG S & M of flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis and pronator teres (superficial & intermediate anterior compartment)

Anterior interosseous nerve: S, PG S & M of flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profundus and pronator quadratus (deep anterior compartment)

Palmar cutaneous branch: S & PG S of the skin overlying radial aspect of palm of hand

Muscular branches in the hand: S, PG S and M of lateral two lumbrical muscles

Recurrent branch of median nerve (C6-T1): S, PG S and M of flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis and opponents pollicis muscles (thumb muscles)

Common & proper palmar digital nerves: S & PG S of skin overlying digits 1-4

20
Q

Function of ulnar nerve (muscular branches of forearm, palmar cutaneous branch, dorsal cutaneous branch, deep terminal branch)

A

Muscular branches of forearm: S, PG S and M of flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum profundus

Palmar (cutaneous) branch: S & PG S of the skin of ulnar side of the palm (common palmar digital nerves- digits 4-5 and proper palmar digital nerves)

Dorsal (cutaneous branch): S & PG S of skin overlying dorsal surfaces of digits 4 & 5

Deep (terminal) branch (C8-T1): S, PG S and M of abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, flexor pollicis brevis, opponent digiti minimi, palmar interossei, dorsal interossei, medial two lumbricals and adductor pollicis

21
Q

What are the muscles in the superficial compartment of the anterior forearm?

A

Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris

22
Q

What is the intermediate anterior forearm muscle?

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis

23
Q

What are the muscles in the deep compartment of the anterior forearm?

A

Flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus

Clinical Anatomy 1 (6 decks)

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