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History > Cuban Missile Crisis > Flashcards

Cuban Missile Crisis Flashcards

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1
Q

what did the Cuban blockade to do?

A

Allowed Kennedy to buy time and focus on a solution to the crisis

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2
Q

what would a naval blockade to do?

A

It would stop the flow of missiles entering Cuba

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3
Q

what was ExCom’s main role? ?

A

Consider policy options and their consequences

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4
Q

Where did the U-2 spy plane find evidence of an R-12 missile site?

A

San Cristobal

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5
Q

Who was the US ambassador to the UN?

A

Adlai Stevenson

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6
Q

when did the first Soviet ships reach the quarantine?

A

24th October 1961

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7
Q

what did the Soviet ships do once they reached the quarantine?

A

Start dead in the water or turned around

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8
Q

what was brinkmanship?

A

High-risk strategy in international relations that could only be successful if both sides recognised that nuclear war would not be a desirable outcome

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9
Q

What was Khrushchev’s aim in the crisis?

A

to protect Castro regime from US aggression by deploying nuclear missiles

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10
Q

what did Khrushchev propose in his telegram to Kennedy?

A

if US made a non-invasion pledge, the Soviet union would remove its military force from Cuba

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11
Q

what happened on October 26th?

A

Castro ordered Cuban anti-aircraft forces to start firing on low level reconnaissance planes

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12
Q

how many telegrams did Khrushchev send and how many did Kennedy reply to?

A

Khrushchev sent two, Kennedy replied only to the first telegram 

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13
Q

When did Khrushchev remove missiles from Cuba?

A

28th October

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14
Q

what impact did the crisis make to Khrushchev and the USSR?

A

Humiliated Khrushchev because he was seen as a coward by the Russians

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15
Q

what impact did the crisis make to Castro and Cuba?

A

Castro saw Khrushchev’s actions as a betrayal

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16
Q

what impact did the crisis make to Kennedy and the USA?

A

Kennedy was the ‘winner’

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17
Q

how did the crisis affect international relations?

A

It showed that they cannot be conducted through crisis management methods

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18
Q

when was the hotline created?

A

1963

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19
Q

what did the hotline do?

A

It connected the Kremlin and the White House

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20
Q

when was the Moscow Test Ban Treaty?

A

1963

21
Q

which countries did not sign up to the Moscow Test Ban Treaty?

A

China and France

22
Q

what does the détente mean?

A

the easing of hostility or strained relations between countries

23
Q

how did the USSR react to their defeat?

A

They emerged with determination to restore its international status

24
Q

did Cuba remain communist?

A

Yes

25
Q

Which two things did the crisis ensure the survival of?

A

Cuba’s Communist regime and West Berlin as an outpost of western capitalist democracy in the Communist Eastern Europe

26
Q

what was Operation Anadyr?

A

The Soviet decision to deploy nuclear missiles in Cuba

27
Q

why did Khrushchev deploy missiles in Cuba?

A

Soviets only had short/ medium-range missiles which would reach almost every major American city from Cuba

28
Q

in what country has the USA deployed missiles to?

A

Turkey

29
Q

what was Castro’s aim for Cuba?

A

Independence from American control

30
Q

what political side did Castro appear to be on?

A

nationalist-liberal rather than Communist

31
Q

what did Castro do to gain independence for Cuba?

A

He nationalised American owned property and companies in Cuba

32
Q

when was the missile crisis?

A

1962

33
Q

why did Castro appeal for Soviet support?

A

After various US threats, e.g. Operation Mongoose

34
Q

When did Kennedy announce a quarantine zone?

A

October 1962

35
Q

What was Cuba’s main export?

A

sugar that was sold to the USA, and primarily grown on American owned plantations 

36
Q

Who ruled Cuba before Castro?

A

Right-wing military dictator, Batista

37
Q

When did Castro take power?

A

1959

38
Q

what nickname was given to Castro and his followers?

A

Los Barbudos, the bearded ones

39
Q

what were Castro’s is aims in response to reducing the USA power in Cuba?

A

To maintain his authority and to avoid alienating powerful allies

40
Q

What was the agrarian reform?

A

American owned property being seized by the state of Cuba

41
Q

What event tied Cuba into an economic and political relationship with the Soviets?

A

Soviet First Deputy Premier arranged $100 million in credit to Castro

42
Q

when was the first shipment of USSR crude oil?

A

April, 1960

43
Q

what percentage did the USA reduce their imports of Cuban sugar by?

A

95%

44
Q

when and what was the Bay of pigs?

A

A military coup to remove Castro in 1961 by America

45
Q

did the Bay of pigs succeed?

A

No

46
Q

when and what was Operation Mongoose?

A

The aim to overthrow Castro and his regime through the use of covert operations within Cuba in 1961

47
Q

why did Kennedy use covert operations within Cuba?

A

To destabilise the regime and create an anti-Castro revolt

48
Q

when did Khrushchev deploy Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba?

A

1962

History (4 decks)

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