CTWD 1-2 Flashcards
Since the early 19th century, _____________ has
been a “buzzword” throughout the world, though
the term itself has been popularized only
through former Harvard Business School Professor
Theodore Levitt’s article entitled “The
Globalization of Markets.”
globalization
refers to the existence of free exchange goods,
services, culture, and even people, between and among
countries. Under the banner of globalization, countries have
discarded taxes on imported goods (tariffs) and opened their
doors to highly skilled workers and professionals. Through
globalization, people became more interested in travel,
learning new languages, and immersing themselves in new
cultures and lifestyles.
Globalization
On the first decade of the ____ _______,
some scholars argued that globalization
is a process. However, on the other, it
is a condition and for some, it is
described as an ideology. Central to the
study of the contemporary world is the
concept of globalization. The following
are the underlying definitions of
globalization.
21st century
theorizes that
globalization denotes a range of
processes nesting under one rather
difficult description. Its conceptual
difficulty to handle or control partly
arises from the fact that global flows
occur in different physical and mental
dimensions.
Freedmen (2003)
proposes that different
kinds of globalization occur on multiple and
intersecting dimensions of integration that he
calls “scapes”.
Arjun Appadurai (1996)
refers to the global
movement of the people
Ethnoscape
flow of culture
Mediascape
refers to the
circulation of mechanical goods
and software
Technoscape
denotes the
global circulation of money
Financescape
the realm where
political ideas move around
Ideoscape
For the _________ ________,
globalization refers to challenges
to the nation-state, strength of
regional blocs, and development of
global political standards.
Political Scientists
- is a policy followed by some
international markets
Free Trade
such as
IMF, WTO, World Bank, OECD, World
Economic Forum, G20, ILO, UNCTAD,
APEC, G7, BRICS, ECOSOC, G8, Bank for
International, OPEC
Global Economic Organizations
such as EU, EFTA,
NAFTA, MERCORSUR,AFTA, COMESA, SAFTA,
Pacific Alliance, TPP
Regional Trade Blocs
For the scholar of _____ and _________, globalization is the creation of global village due to technological revolutions,
communications technology as shrinking our
world, and cultural imperialism
For the scholar of culture and communication
- “Globalization is the expansion
and intensification of social relations and
consciousness across world-time and worldspace.”
Manfred Steger
