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Yobani > ct3 week 2 > Flashcards

ct3 week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

a feature in Scout that shows the presence (or absence of) faults called linear distortions in the RF portion of the return path

A

Scout Flux

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2
Q

a technology that encodes, compresses, and decodes video and audio so we can pack multiple programs in the same space as we used to carry one TV station

A

MPEG2

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3
Q

The Wifi password on all XM meters

A

defaultkey

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4
Q

VOM

A

Volt Ohm Meter

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5
Q

A test instrument used to measure AC and DC voltage, current, and resistance in ohms

A

Volt Ohm Meter (VOM)

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6
Q

Passage of signal intended to remain within the cable into the outside world

A

Egress

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7
Q

Name 3 of the 6 test you can do on the Polarity Tester

A

Open Ground, Open Neutral, Open Hot, Hot & Ground Reversed, Hot & Neutral Reversed, Correct polarity

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8
Q

The CATV frequency spectrum is between

A

5 and 1002 MHz

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9
Q

With this app you can pay your bill, manage appointments, view or edit your WiFi Network name or password, and troubleshoot your devices. No Lines. No Waiting

A

Xfinity My Account

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10
Q

Constant power adjustment messages between the CMTS and the device

A

Compression

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11
Q

This happens when any downstream or upstream channel is impaired and the device stops using them

A

Partial Bonding

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12
Q

Maximum upstream before PHT fail

A

54 dBmV

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13
Q

Minimum DSSNR level before PHT fail

A

33 dB

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14
Q

Maximum downstream before PHT fail

A

13 dBmV

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15
Q

Minimum downstream before PHT fail

A

-13 dBmV

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16
Q

Minimum upstream before PHT fail

A

25 dBmV

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17
Q

a measurement of how consistent the signal response is from the beginning to the end of the channel space

A

In-Channel Frequency Response (ICFR)

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18
Q

a software application designed in response to a need for a simple and consistent way to proactively communicate information about the network’s health

A

Watchtower

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19
Q

Formula for cable loss

A

Cable loss = Footage x Cable loss per foot

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20
Q

Formula for total loss

A

Total loss = Cable loss + Passive loss

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21
Q

Formula for Expected Level

A

Expected Level = Starting level – Total loss

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22
Q

For a series-6 cable at 54 MHz, the attenuation is

A

2 dB per 100 feet

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23
Q

For a series-6 cable at 750 MHz, the attenuation is

A

6 dB per 100 feet

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24
Q

For a 2-way splitter, the signal loss is

A

4 dB

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25
Q

For a 4-way splitter, the signal loss is

A

8 dB

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26
Q

For an 8-way splitter, the signal loss is

A

12 dB

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27
Q

The difference between transmitted and received power resulting from the loss through equipment, lines, or other transmission devices; usually expressed in decibels

A

Attenuation

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28
Q

A cable television system’s master control operation where signals are received and delivered on various cable system channels

A

Headend

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29
Q

The process of converting data into a coded form (ciphertext) to prevent it from being read and understood by an unauthorized party

A

Encryption

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30
Q

DRM

A

Digital Rights Management

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31
Q

HDCP

A

High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection

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32
Q

Signal security can be applied at these 3 locations

A

Headend, Tap, and Set-top box

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33
Q

The process of converting data into a coded form (ciphertext) to prevent it from being read and understood by an unauthorized party.

A

Encryption

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34
Q

What are the two types of traps/filters

A

Positive and Negative

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35
Q

Type of trap that block a channel or channels from being received by a cable TV customer

A

Negative

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36
Q

Type of trap that removes an interfering carrier from a channel that a customer wants to receive

A

Positive

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37
Q

DRM

A

Digital Rights Management

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38
Q

HDCP

A

High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection

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39
Q

What are the two common content protection measures

A

DRM and HDCP

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40
Q

Any technology used to protect the interests of owners of content and services (such as copyright owners).

A

Digital Rights Management (DRM)

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41
Q

A specification developed for protecting digital entertainment content that travels over HDMI cables

A

High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP)

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42
Q

Front-line employee that answers customer telephone calls, or works at a Service Center. Formerly referred to as a “call rep.”

A

Customer Account Executive (CAE)

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43
Q

A mandate by the Federal Communications Commission which requires cable operators only deploy digital set-top boxes that have a PC card slot for a multichannel CableCARD to decrypt channels

A

Separable Security

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44
Q

A removable security card available from cable TV providers, translates encrypted signals on the Comcast network

A

CableCARD

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45
Q

What date did the FCC begin requiring service providers to make CableCARDs available

A

July 1st, 2004

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46
Q

OES requires a jumper to be installed if the trap exceeds this length

A

The length of a locking terminator

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47
Q

What is the frequency range of RF signals

A

5-1002 MHz

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48
Q

electromagnetic wave used to transport information from one point to another

A

Radio Frequency (RF)

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49
Q

the basic example of a signal that can be generated, transmitted, and received with RF equipment.

A

Sine wave

50
Q

RF is characterized by what three elements

A

Wavelength, Frequency, and Amplitude

51
Q

an electromagnetic signal above the audio and below the infrared frequencies.

A

Radio Frequency (RF)

52
Q

the distance between two consecutive peaks or troughs of a waveform

A

Wavelength

53
Q

defined as the space occupied by one complete cycle of a wave.

A

Wavelength

54
Q

If the frequency of a signal increases, what happens to the wavelength

A

It becomes shorter

55
Q

difference between a signal’s maximum or minimum value during one cycle and usually indicates signal strength or intensity.

A

Amplitude

56
Q

What is Amplitude measured in

A

Volts

57
Q

the number of times a signal goes through a complete cycle

A

Frequency

58
Q

What is frequency measured in

A

Hertz

59
Q

What is an unwanted alteration of the original shape of a signal called?

A

Signal Distortion

60
Q

A range of wavelengths of electromagnetic emission.

A

Spectrum

61
Q

Regulatory responsibility for the radio spectrum is divided between these two administrations

A

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA)

62
Q

NTIA

A

National Telecommunications and Information Administration

63
Q

Forward path frequency range for legacy systems

A

54-1002 MHz

64
Q

Return path frequency range for legacy systems

A

5-42 MHz

65
Q

Forward path frequency range for mid-split systems

A

85 MHz - 1.2 GHz

66
Q

Return path frequency range for mid-split systems

A

5-85 MHz

67
Q

passive and active equipment in a Mid-Split system must be designed to operate in this frequency range

A

5-1,675 MHz

68
Q

Comcast uses MoCA at this frequency range

A

1125-1625 MHz

69
Q

used to express a ratio between two signal power levels, i.e., the loss of signal through a splitter.

A

dB

70
Q

Absolute signal power that describes the signal at a specific location

A

dBmV

71
Q

1 millivolt across 75 Ohms is equal to this

A

0 dBmV

72
Q

A telephones signal strength used to be measured in this

A

Bels

73
Q

How many decibels are in a Bel?

A

10

74
Q

A cable signal can be transmitted and received in these two formats?

A

Analog and Digital

75
Q

What are the 3 different carrier parts that make up the analog waveform?

A

video, audio, and color

76
Q

The number of frequency and amplitude variations in an analog waveform

A

infinite

77
Q

Changing the characteristics of a wave is known as this:

A

Modulation

78
Q

process of encoding a simple radio wave, also known as the carrier wave, with data.

A

Modulation

79
Q

The modulation technique that Comcast uses to encode digital cable channels is called

A

Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)

80
Q

modulates the amplitude of two incoming carrier waves (I signal and Q signal) to one RF carrier wave.

A

Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)

81
Q

Two examples of devices that demodulate a QAM signal

A

Set-top boxes and cable modems

82
Q

refers to reducing the number of bits required to carry information (such as digital video images) by removing the redundant bits in the data.

A

Digital Compression

83
Q

MPEG

A

Moving Picture Experts Group

84
Q

the name of a family of standards used for coding audio-visual information in a digital compressed format.

A

Moving Picture Experts Group MPEG

85
Q

MPEG method splits the signal into these three types of encoded pictures:

A

Key Frames (I), Predictive frames (P), and Bi-Directional Frames (B)

86
Q

Pictures which contain all the information to be transmitted and serve as a reference point

A

Key Frames (I)

87
Q

Pictures which carry information about which pixels change in relation to the i-frame

A

Predictive Frames (P)

88
Q

Pictures which carry information about which pixels change in relation to the i-frame for transmitted and to-be-transmitted frames

A

Bi-directional frames (B)

89
Q

The collection of frames to be transmitted in one unit of time is called what?

A

Picture Group

90
Q

A list of channel numbers and their associated stations for a particular headend

A

Channel Map

91
Q

Is the difference between transmitted and received power resulting from the loss through equipment, lines, passive devices, or other transmission devices.

A

Attenuation

92
Q

What are the 5 factors that affect attenuation?

A

Frequency, Temperature, Dielectric, Center conductor diameter, Cable length

93
Q

Passage of an outside signal into the cable; can result in noise and disruption of the desired signal.

A

Ingress

94
Q

Passage of signal intended to remain within the cable into the outside world

A

Egress

95
Q

a figure of merit derived mathematically from the number and severity of signal leaks in a cable system.

A

Cumulative Leakage Index

96
Q

According to FCC, leakage should not exceed 20 microvolts per meter at 3 meters between these frequencies

A

54-216 MHz

97
Q

fcc leakage limits over 216mhz

A

no more than 15 microvolts per meter at 30 meters

98
Q

fcc leakage limits at less than 54mhz

A

no more than 15 microvolts per meter at 30 meters

99
Q

fcc leakage limits between 54-216 mhz

A

no more than 20 microvolts per meter at 3 meters

100
Q

According to FCC, leakage should not exceed 15 microvolts per meter at 30 meter at these frequencies

A

0-54 MHz and above 216 MHz

101
Q

a condition where external frequencies or interfering signals leak into the cable network, and is more prominent in lower frequencies.

A

Ingress

102
Q

defined as random, fluctuating signals on the network, which are not part of the channel’s audio/video or data carriers.

A

Noise

103
Q

A form of low frequency electromagnetic interference, which can affect a customer’s service

A

Hum

104
Q

It is the amplitude distortion of a signal caused by the modulation of the signal by components of the power line frequency.

A

Hum

105
Q

Displayed as black horizontal bars progressing up the TV

A

Hum

106
Q

The frequency cycle in which hum creates one black horizontal bar

A

60Hz

107
Q

a measure of how well symbols can be differentiated from the random noise, distortion, or interference accumulated within a 6 MHz channel

A

Modulation Error Ratio (MER)

108
Q

a direct indication of the fidelity of the transportation medium and determines how much margin the system has before failure.

A

Modulation Error Ratio (MER)

109
Q

the rate of errored bits compared to the total number of bits received in one second of time.

A

Bit Error Rate (BER)

110
Q

What is the ideal BER of a 256 QAM channel

A

1xE-9

111
Q

a system of error control for data transmission, where the transmitting device adds additional data to a signal in order to detect errors

A

Forward Error Correction (FEC)

112
Q

MER

A

Modulation Error Ratio

113
Q

BER

A

Bit Error Rate

114
Q

defined as the ratio of signal power to the noise power and is expressed in dB.

A

Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)

115
Q

SNR

A

Signal-to-Noise Ratio

116
Q

This digital processing technique makes channel mapping possible

A

Modulation

117
Q

Frequency range: Broadcasting TV Channels 2-4

A

54-72 MHz

118
Q

Frequency range: Broadcasting TV channels 5-6

A

76-88 MHz

119
Q

Frequency range: Radio Astronomy

A

73-74.6 MHz

120
Q

Frequency range: Aeronautical radionavigation

A

74.8-75.2 MHz

121
Q

What 2 frequencies do we use when using cable math with the rule of thumb

A

54 MHz and 750 MHz

122
Q

The difference between transmitted and received power resulting from the loss through equipment, lines, or other transmission devices; usually expressed in decibels.

A

Attenuation

Yobani (6 decks)

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